Organisation of the organism

Topic 2

What are plants and animals made up of

microscopic cells

what do all cells contain

cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane

what do most cells contain

a nucleus

where do most chemical reactions take place

the cytoplasm to keep the cell alive

what organelles does the cytoplasm contain

* mitochondria (respiration)
* chloroplasts ( Photosynthesis)
* ribosomes (protein synthesis)

what is the job of the nucleus

controls the chemical reactions in the cell and controls cell division

what do plant cells contain

* a cellulose cell wall
* a large central vacuole
* chloroplasts

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what are the different ways cells are specialised and why

* in their shape and activity
* in order to carry out specific jobs
* e.g. sperm has a tail in order to efficiently swim to fertilise eggs

what is a tissue

a large number of similar cells packed together

what is an organ

different tissues arranged together

what is an organ system

a group of related organs

how can the magnification of a specimen be calculated

Magnification= image size/ actual size of specimen