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Cincinnatus
A simple farmer who was chosen as a dictator, or temporary ruler, to save Rome from attack.
Patrician
A social class of wealthy, powerful landowners; they formed the ruling class in the Roman Republic.
Plebeian
A social class in the Roman Republic made up of minor landholders, craftspeople, merchants, and small farmers.
Consul
A chief executive officer of the Roman Republic; two were elected each year to run the government and lead the army into battle.
Praetor
An official of the Roman Republic; in charge of enforcing civil law.
Republic
A form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote.
Triumvirate
A government by three people with equal power.
Dictator
An absolute ruler.
Imperator
Commander in chief; the Latin origin of the word emperor.
Urbanization
The process by which towns and cities become larger as populations increase and more people begin to occupy a central area.
Paterfamilias
The dominant male head of the household in Roman social structure, which included his wife, sons, their wives and children, unmarried daughters, and slaves.
Twelve Tables of Rome
A set of laws on public display in Rome established to protect certain rights for both patricians and plebeians in the Roman Republic.
