File Systems Flashcards

Flashcards generated from lecture notes on file systems.

__ enables you to locate files and information located on your computer, within apps, such as email, or on the web.

Windows Search

In Windows 10, the search box is located next to the __ button.

Start

In Windows 10, you can use __ commands to initiate a search by using Windows Cortana.

vocal

To search for files, you can also use __.

File Explorer

Pressing __ in Explorer activates the search box.

F3

In any folder, you can also use the __ options to make finding a file or files easier.

view

The __ set how large icons are.

view options

The column headers allow you to __ files in ascending or descending order.

sort

The column headers or right-click menu also allow you to __ and filter by the information in that field.

group

The contents of libraries display an __ option, allowing you to stack files in virtual folders.

Arrange By

The Windows Search service __ files and folders in the background.

indexes

__ (and re-indexing) files can slow the computer down.

Indexing

__ is a text-only file with no binary file information linking the file to a particular software application.

txt

__ is an early generic file format for sharing documents between different word processing applications.

rtf

The __ is an XML-based specification with better support for the features of modern word processors than RTF.

Open Document Format (odf)

The __ XML-based format was introduced in Word 2007.

docx

Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet software saves files with an or file extension.

xls / xlsx

Microsoft's PowerPoint presentation software saves files with a or file extension.

ppt / pptx

Adobe's __ is a file format for distributing documents and was envisaged as a final format for the distribution of a published document.

Portable Document Format (PDF)

__ is the most widely used lossy compression format for photographic pictures.

jpg/jpeg (Joint Pictures Expert Group)

A __ compression method irreversibly discards some of the original data.

lossy

__ compression is fully reversible because no information is discarded.

Lossless

__ is an old lossless compression format that only supports up to 8 bits per pixel, seriously limiting the available color palette.

gif (Graphics Interchange Format)

__ is a popular format for exchanging images between editing applications, and it can use lossless or JPEG compression.

tiff (Tagged Image File Format)

__ is a full-color (24-bit) lossless format designed to replace GIF and supports transparency.

png (Portable Network Graphics)

__ is a Windows-only lossless format that is not widely used due to its lack of compatibility with other operating systems.

bmp

__ is an early MPEG (Motion Pictures Expert Group) standard for video files with lossy compression.

mpg

__ is the MPEG-4 standard audio/video file format that acts as a container for audio and video media streams.

mp4

__ is another container file format designed to deliver Flash Video.

flv

__ is a legacy Windows-only video format.

avi

__ remains one of the most popular formats for distributing music and is almost universally supported by media players, though some audio information is discarded.

mp3

__ (Advanced Audio Coding) developed from MPEG as a successor to mp3.

aac

__ is an audio-only file format deriving from the MPEG-4 standards track.

m4a

__ (Free Lossless Audio Codec) achieves file size compression without discarding audio data.

flac

__ is an early Windows audio file format.

wav

An __ file is one that contains program code.

executable

__ is the basic type of program file in Windows.

exe

__ is a Windows Installer file used to install and uninstall software applications under Windows.

msi

__ is the equivalent of an exe file for macOS.

app

__ contains a sequence of commands either from the operating system's command interpreter or from a scripting language supported by the OS.

bat/cmd/vbs/js/ps1

__ was developed for the PKZIP utility but is now supported natively by Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.

zip

__ was originally a UNIX format for writing to magnetic tape but is still used with gzip compression as a compressed file format for UNIX, Linux, and macOS.

tar

__ is used by the WinRAR compression program.

rar

__ archive is created and opened using the open-source 7-Zip compression utility.

7z

__ archive is created and opened by the gzip utility, freely available for UNIX and Linux computers.

gz

__ is a file in one of the formats used by optical media.

iso

__ are disk image file formats used with Microsoft Hyper-V and VMware virtual machines respectively.

vhd/vmdk

__ is a disk image file format used by Apple macOS.

dmg

Each __ can be assigned a drive letter.

partition

Files are associated with applications using a period plus __ extension on the end of the file name.

three-character