Behaviorism Trdatidion - AB Psych Chapter 1

Behavioral model

Also known as the cognitive-behavioral model or social learning model; brought the systematic development of a more scientific approach to psychological aspects of psychopathology.

John B. Watson (1878–1958)

Founder of behaviorism; argued that psychology should be a purely objective experimental branch of natural science

Behaviorism

A scientific approach to psychology focusing on the prediction and control of behavior without using introspection

Little Albert

Subject in Watson and Rosalie Rayner’s experiment, in which fear of a white rat was conditioned and generalized to other white furry objects.

Mary Cover Jones (1896–1987)

Demonstrated that fear could be unlearned or extinguished through gradual exposure.

Systematic desensitization

Joseph Wolpe’s behavioral technique in which individuals are gradually introduced to feared objects or situations while engaging in a response incompatible with fear, such as relaxation.

Behavior therapy

Application of behavioral science principles to clinical problems, pioneered by Wolpe, Eysenck, and Rachman.

Law of effect

Edward L. Thorndike’s principle stating that behavior is strengthened or weakened depending on its consequences.