language development in children unit 1 & 2

what is communication?

the exchange of information

what are the five components of language?

phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and use

what is receptive language?

the ability to understand or comprehend language

what is the definition of speech?

oral expression of language

what are Charles F. Hockett’s design features?

vocal auditory channel, broadcast transmission and directional perception, rapid fading, interchangeability, total feedback, specialization, semanticity, arbitrariness, discreetness, displacement, productivity, traditional transmission, duality of patterning

what are some additional design features?

prevarication, metalinguistic ability, learnability, recursion, indexicality

what is the World Health Organization?

agency that directs and coordinates international health concerns and initiatives at the UN

what is the Center for Disease Control?

U.S. health control agency that is responsible for health, safety, and security of U.S. citizens

what are early intervention programs?

programs funded by state agencies that provides education, support, and intervention for ages 0-3

what is holistic development?

considering the child in the round or a whole person

what are developmental milestones?

recognized patterns of development that children are expected to follow

what are the six developmental domains?

social-emotional, cognition, play, communication, gross motor, and fine motor

what is emotional expression?

being able to show or express feelings in relation to events

what is emotional understanding?

comprehending personal emotions and the emotions of others

what is emotional regulation?

the ability to change, modify, or regulate one’s behavior when the emotional response exceeds or underwhelms the circumstance

what is social development?

the ability to form positive, successful social relationships

what is socialization?

the process of learning the skills and attitudes of a given community

gross motor skills relate to

baby’s growing ability to control posture and movement using large muscles of the body

fine motor skills relate to

how a child is able to manipulate and control objects using the upper extremities and small hand muscles

what is sensory development?

the process through which we receive information from our five senses

what is proprioception?

the ability to relate aspects of your body to other parts of your body

what is cognitive development?

development of the minds as it relates to recognizing, reasoning, knowing, and understanding

what is logical thought?

the ability to use meaningful information to advise us on our decisions and problem-solving

play is essential for

emotional, social, physical, cognitive, and language development

what stimulates the eye blink reflex in infants?

bright light near eyes or clapping near head

what is the response for the eye blink reflex?

quickly closing eyes

at what age does the eye blink reflex disappear?

it doesn’t, it is permanent

what stimulates the rooting reflex in infants?

touching their cheek near the corner of the mouth

what is the response for the rooting reflex?

head turning to source of stimulation

at what age does the rooting reflex disappear?

3 weeks, becomes voluntary

what stimulates the sucking reflex in infants?

fingers or anything in/near infants mouth

what is the response for the sucking reflex?

rhythmic sucking on finger

at what age does the sucking reflex disappear?

4 months, replaced by voluntary sucking

what stimulates the swimming reflex in infants?

being face down in water

what is the response for the swimming reflex?

paddling and kicking in swimming motion

at what age does the swimming reflex disappear?

4-6 months

what stimulates the moro reflex in infants?

letting baby’s head drop slightly while lying down

what is the response for the moro reflex?

“embracing” the motion with back arched, legs and arms out, then in

at what age does the moro reflex disappear?

6months

what stimulates the palmar grasp reflex in infants?

pressing a finger into infant’s palm

what is the response for the palmar grasp reflex?

spontaneous grasp of finger

at what age does the palmar grasp reflex disappear?

3-4 months

what stimulates the tonic neck reflex in infants?

turning head to one side on back

what is the response for the tonic neck reflex?

1 arm in front of eyes, other flexed

at what age does the tonic neck reflex disappear?

4 months

what stimulates the stepping reflex in infants?

being held under arms with feet flat on surface

what is the response for the stepping reflex?

lifting one foot after another

at what age does the stepping response disappear?

2 months

what stimulates the babinski reflex in infants?

touch on sole toe

what is the response for the babinski reflex?

toes fanning out