ASSAY OF VOLATILE OIL

Fixed oils

obtained by expression or extraction. Their consistency varies with temperature.

Volatile oils

oils that are characterized by their volatility and failure to saponify

Volatile oils

They evaporate when they are exposed to the air and thus are capable of distillation.

Volatile oils

They are derived from plant tissues. Thus, they may be produced naturally by extraction, particularly by distillation, often by using steam.

Essential oils

secondary metabolites that plants produce for protection from pests and predators, attraction of pollinators, or seed dispersa

Essential oils

are highly volatile, transparent, and lipid-soluble liquids.

Benzene

Toluene

Acetone

Ethanol

Methanol that have less density compared with water

Essential oils are soluble in organic solvents suchs as?

Ester Value

the number of mg of potassium hydroxide required to saponify the esters in 1.0 g of the substance.

Ester Value

also known as ESTER NUMBER

Ester Value

# of mg. needed to saponify the esters in 1g. of subs

Phenol content

possess a common chemical structure comprising an aromatic ring with one or more hydroxyl substituents that can be divided into several classes, and the main groups of phenolic compounds include flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, stilbenes, and lignans

Phenol content

are important plant constituents with redox properties responsible for antioxidant activity

Hydrocarbons

Alcohols

Aldehydes

Ketones

Phenols

Acids

Sulfur compounds

Enumerate the Chemical properties in a volatile oils

Specific gravity

Rotatory power

Refractive index

Congealing temperature/point

Distillation range/limits

Fractional distillation

Solubility

Enumerate the Physical properties in a volatile oil