Lecture 1: Food, Nutrition, and Health

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering optimal nutrition, metabolic processes, macronutrients, fiber classifications, and national health goals.

Health Promotion

Health and well-being are affected by income, lifestyle, education, population changes, and society

Optimal Nutrition

A balanced diet consisting of carbs, protein, fat, minerals, vitamins and water

Nutrition

digesting, absorbing and using nutrients

Nutrition Science

The study of human food requirements

Registered Dietitian

professional trained to perform nutritional assessments and nutritional plans

Wellness

Full development of health for a human

Traditional Care

treats illness after it occurs

Preventive Approach

promotes healthy lifestyle choices

Metabolism

the body’s process of turning food into energy

Carbohydrates

fuel for heat, energy and blood glucose. 45-65

Fats

long term energy storage, protects organs, maintains body temperature, absorbs vitamins. 20-35

Proteins

tissue building and repair, made of amino acids.10-35

Vitamin C

regulates metabolism, collagen

Calcium and Phosphorus

main nutrients for building and maintaining bone

Iron

essential part of hemoglobin.

Vitamins (Function)

work as coenzymes for the chemical reaction during absorption

Minerals (Function)

help your body build, grow and work properly

Fiber

regulated digestion

Undernutrition

fatigue, poor immunity and health

Malnutrition

too little food, disease, poor absorption

Overnutrition

obesity, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

recommended intake based on gender, age and height

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

recommended daily nutrient intake

Catabolic State

metabolism during a workout

Monosaccharides

single sugars. glucose, fructose, galactose

Disaccharides

double sugars. maltose, sucrose, lactose

Glycogen

stored sugar for later energy

Starch

plant stored energy

Enriched Grains

grains that lost nutrients, then added back

Insoluble Fiber

fiber that does not dissolve in water

Soluble Fiber

fiber that does dissolve in water

Lignin

helps decrease cholesterol and promotes bile acid absorption.

Saturated Fatty Acids

hydrogen filled fats

Linoleic Acid

omega 6 fatty acid the body needs

Alpha-linolenic Acid

omega 3 fatty acid good for the heart and brain

Cholesterol

builds cells and makes hormones

Chylomicrons

carry fat to the rest of the body