Organelles (unit 2) - ap bio

mitochondria

site of cellular respiration; synthesizes ATP

peroxisomes

catalyzes reactions that produces hydrogen peroxide

ribosomes

carry out protein synthesis by translating mrna into a chain of amino acids

golgi apparatus

responsible for final modifications of proteins. sorts, distributes, and packages proteins for trafficking

rough ER

studied with ribosomes; compartmentalizes the cell for protein synthesis

lysosomes

membrane bound vesicle containing hydrolytic enzymes; plays a role in recycling of cell parts and apoptosis

smooth ER

synthesizes lipids and detoxifies the cell

nucleus

central region of eukaryotic cells that holds the DNA; where DNA replication and mRNA transcription occurs

central vacuole

in plant cells and helps maintain turgor pressure

chloroplast

site of photosynthesis

nuclear envelope

surrounds the nucleus; has pores that regulate the entry/exit of materials