CHEM 1A MEMORIZATION TERMS

GAS

This state of matter expands to fill its container and is compressible, with particles in constant random motion. Examples include oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide.

LIQUID

A state of matter characterized by a definite volume but no fixed shape. It takes the shape of its container and flows easily. Molecules are close together but can move past one another, allowing it to conform to different shapes while maintaining a consistent volume. Examples include water, oil, and alcohol.

SOLID

A solid is one of the three primary states of matter, characterized by a definite shape and volume. In solids, particles are closely packed together, usually in a fixed arrangement, which allows them to maintain their shape. Examples include ice, wood, and metals.

MASS

KILOGRAM (kg → g)

LENGTH

METER (m → cm)

TIME

SECOND

TEMPERATURE

KELVIN (K → C)

AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE

MOLE (MOL)

ELECTRIC CURRENT

AMPERE (A)

LUMINOUS INTENSITY

CANDELA (CD)

TERA- #

10¹²

GIGA- #

10⁹

MEGA- #

10⁶

KILO- #

10³

DECI- #

10^-1

centi- #

10^-2

milli- #

10^-3

micro- #

10^-6

nano- #

10^-9

pico- #

10^-12

fento- #

10^-15

DIATOMICS

HYDROGEN, NITROGEN, OXYGEN, FLUORINE, CHLORINE, BROMINE, AND IODINE

POLYATOMICS

S₈ AND P₄

SUBLIMATION

Change from solid to a gas without becoming a liquid

FREEZING

Change of a substance from liquid phase to solid

MELTING

Change from solid phase to liquid

EVAPORATION

Change from liquid to gaseous form

CONDENSATION

Change from gas to liquid form

DEPOSITION

Change from gas to solid without becoming a liquid

IONIZATION

Change from a gas phase to plasma (ionized particles)

RECOMBINATION

Change from plasma to gas

T-

TERA-

G-

GIGA-

M-

MEGA-

k-

KILO-

d-

DECI-

c-

CENTI-

m-

MILLI-

μ-

MICRO-

n-

NANO-

p-

PICO-

f-

FEMTO-

HYDROGEN

H

HELIUM

He

LITHIUM

Li

BERYLLIUM

Be

BORON

B

CARBON

C

NITROGEN

N

OXYGEN

O

FLOURINE

F

NEON

Ne

SODIUM

Na

MAGNESIUM

Mg

ALUMINUM

Al

SILICON

Si

PHOSPHORUS

P

SULFUR

S

CHLORINE

Cl

ARGON

Ar

POTASSIUM

K

CALCIUM

Ca

SCANDIUM

Sc

TITANIUM

Ti

VANADIUM

V

CHROMIUM

Cr

MANGANESE

Mn

IRON

Fe

COBALT

Co

NICKEL

Ni

COPPER

Cu

ZINC

Zn

GALLIUM

Ga

GERMANIUM

Ge

ARSENIC

As

SELENIUM

Se

BROMINE

Br

KRYPTON

Kr

RUBIDIUM

Rb

STRONTIUM

Sr

ZIRCONIUM

Zr

PALLADIUM

Pd

SILVER

Ag

CADMIUM

Cd

INDIUM

In

TIN

Sn

ANTIMONY

Sb

TELLERIUM

Te

IODINE

I

XENON

Xe

CESIUM

Cs

BARIUM

Ba

TUNGSTEN

W

PLATINUM

Pt

GOLD

Au

MERCURY

Hg

THALLIUM

Tl

LEAD

Pb

BISMUTH

Bi

POLONIUM

Po