Final Exam Review - Fall 2025

A collection of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes related to political ideologies, revolutions, and industrial developments.

PERSIAT

A method of analyzing political questions based on various criteria.

Political Spectrum

A system for classifying different political positions in relation to one another.

Liberalism

A political ideology focusing on individual freedoms and equal rights.

Socialism

An economic system where the means of production are owned or regulated by the state.

Democratization

The transition to a more democratic political regime.

Scientific Revolution

A period of great advancements in scientific thought during the 16th and 17th centuries.

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism.

Rousseau

Philosopher known for his ideas on social contract and general will.

Montesquieu

Philosopher known for his concepts of separation of powers.

Voltaire

Writer and philosopher known for his advocacy of civil liberties.

American Revolution

The conflict between the Thirteen American Colonies and Great Britain from 1775 to 1783.

French Revolution

A period of radical social and political upheaval in France from 1789 to 1799.

Reign of Terror

A period during the French Revolution characterized by extreme violence and mass executions.

Toussaint L'Ouverture

Leader of the Haitian Revolution who fought against French colonial rule.

Industrial Revolution

A major transformation in industry and economy that began in the late 18th century.

Adam Smith

Economist known as the father of capitalism; authored 'The Wealth of Nations.'

Karl Marx

Philosopher and economist known for his critiques of capitalism and theories on socialism.

Steam Engine

A machine that converts steam into mechanical work, pivotal in the Industrial Revolution.

Congress of Vienna

A conference held in 1814-1815 to restore order in Europe after the Napoleonic Wars.

Egalitarian

Promoting equal rights for all people.

Evolving democracy

The gradual development of democratic systems in governance.