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N/A to a party: thought they divided people
From Virginia
2 terms - 8 years
Led militias and troops in french and indian war
Was a general and led troops to fight british in the Revolutionary war
Served in house of burgess for 15 years before american revolution
Congress elected him as congress in chief
He set the standard for presidents
$1 dollar bill (head on it)
69 electoral votes (everyone voted for him)
His role in the Whiskey Rebellion washington called neighboring militias to put down the rebellion by force if it was needed this demonstrated they would enforce laws (the government ) (executive branch)
George Washington
He was from Massachusetts
Federalist party
He defended british soldiers because he believed that everyone deserved defense
Xyz affair: dispatched 3 ministers to france to protect us shipping french foreign ministers in paris offered bribe before negotiations
These acts were made public to the U.S there was a great outcry and preparations for naval war the war however was averted and was settle at the 1800 convection
He created and signed the aliens and the sedition acts he saw that the U.S wasn't ready for war and couldn't aid france in their revolution acts were controversial and people thought they interfered with the first amendment these acts deported immigrants and made it harder for them to vote
John Adams
From Virginia
Democratic republican party
He was tall “long tom”
He drafted the declaration
He was part of the Louisiana Purchase, purchased land west of the Mississippi River and cost $15 million
Ohio entered the union during his presidency (1803)
Marbury v. Madison, Judicial Review
Chief Justice John Marshall established this principle which was an important addition to the system of "checks and balances". It was created to prevent any branch of the Federal Government from becoming too powerful. (case was during his presidency)
Thomas Jefferson
From Virginia
Democratic Republican party
He was 5’4
The war of 1812 was declared while he was president
“Father of Constitution” he took detailed notes when drafting the constitution
the Federalist Papers, 29 out of 85 total essays
He used a fake name (publius)
He wrote these essays along with John Jay (5) and Alexander Hamilton (51!!)
James Madison
New Jersey
Democratic Republican party
He acquired florida in the treaty of Adam-Onis
The era of good feelings since it was a time of peace and prosperity
Monroe Doctrine: warned European powers that the US would not tolerate further European colonization in the Western Hemispheres and declared the 2 hemispheres separate/independen
He and his secretary of state john quincy adams instituted this doctrine that was huge in the U.S foreign policy
the Missouri Compromise, 36°30' in 1820 under his presidency
James Monroe
Massachusetts
Whig Party/democratic-Republican
He served as secretary of state under James Monroe earning respect as president
He would skinny dip in the potomac river and Ann Royall got an interview by sitting on his clothes (woman couldn't get US president interviews usually)
He believed in anti-slavery and thought it went against the declaration of independence
John Quincy Adams
Tennessee
Democratic-Republican party and when it split became 1st member of Democratic party
Old hickory during war because he was a strict and bold officer in the war of 1812
The battle of new orleans was fought by their troops though the british already had surrendered (they won this battle)
In 1830 he signed the Indian removal act which forced Native Americans on the trail of tears heading westward
Andrew Jackson
New York
Democratic party
His 1st language was dutch and second was english
He was the first president born as an American citizen
In 1821 he served a new york representative in the U.S senate
The panic of 1837 was a financial crisis and led to one of the worst depressions in history
Martin Van Buren
He was elected from ohio (not born there)
He was part of the Whig party; the whig party was derived from the English anti monarchist party and was an attempt to portray Andrew Jackson as "King Andrew."
He caught pneumonia after his inaugural speech with no coat in cold rain
It was 2 hours long and it was 8,445 words long (he wrote it by himself)
He was the first congressional delegate from northwest territory where fought american indians
Fort Meigs was the military fort built in 1813
"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too." - The Whigs nominated Tyler for Vice President hoping for support from southern states-righters.
William Henry Harrison
Virginia
Whig Party
He was the first vice president to become president
William henry harrison died in office and the discussions led to the 25th amendment
The Whig party, his original party he ran under tried to impeach him because he “violated the Whig concept of presidency” who believed that the president should be deferential to congress.
In 1845 he worked to gain the annexation of texas
After presidency he served on the house of representatives in virginia
John Tyler
Tennessee
Democratic party
Known as dark horse because he was a lesser known candidate who scaled his way to prominence
His stance of foreign policy was settling the borders of oregon territory and acquiring california (getting more land more the U.S)
The Mexican-American war was fought and the US won during his presidency
Annexed texas as the newest state in 1845
The 49th parallel becomes the border between british and american claims to the oregon territory
James K Polk
Virginia
Whig party
Served in military for 40 years
Old rough and ready was his nickname because he fought alongside his men in battle
He was the hero in the Mexican- American war
He was a wealthy slave owner he owned plantations in louisiana kentucky mississippi
He clashed with congress over admitting California was a free state because he wanted to end the dispute over slavery in new areas
He died from cholera morbus while president
Zachary Taylor
New york
Whig party
He was elected as vice president but when Zacahry taylor died he took over
Newspapers and rival politicians made fun of him for his policies regarding american slavery
He campaigned the compromise of 1850 to prevent a civil war
His role as vice president during the compromise was to preside over the senate
The compromise of 1850 dealt with slavery by settling disagreements over the state of american slavery, new slave act called the fugitive slave act of 1850
Millard Fillmore
New hampshire
Democratic Party
He served for 4 years in house of representatives and for 5 years in senate
Young hickory of the granite hills was his nickname for being such a big supporter of andrew jackson
He supported the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Southerners position as to their constitutional right to expand slavery into the territories
He supported the kansas-nebraska act which led to the addition of 2 new western states to join the union
The republican party exists because of northern peoples frustration with his stance in slavery
He was 48 years old when elected president (youngest)
He made the gadsden purchase to obtain new mexico and arizona
Franklin Peirce
Pennsylvania (only president elected from here)
Democratic Party
He was called the bachelor president (never married)
Harriet lane was his niece and was in his care after she was orphaned at 11 years old she acted as buchanan's first lady (hostess) during presidency as he was never married
7 southern states seceded from the Union because they were concerned that the Republican government would attempt to abolish slavery
States were also irritated with his passive and moderate views about taking action about slavery disputes
Dred Scott vs Sanford dealing with slavery was a supreme court case that took place during his presidency
He personally opposed slavery on moral grounds. However, he believed that the U.S. Constitution supported slavery
The civil war began after one month of not being president
James Buchanen
Note
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