Unit A Part 1

mixture

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

heterogeneous

A mixture that does not have the same composition and properties throughout; parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another.

homogeneous

A mixture in which substances are similar in size and evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

pure substance

A substance made of only one kind of element or molecule and cannot be physically separated

temperature

measures the average speed of particles

matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

energy

If you add enough of this to a substance, then the attraction between particles can be broken, changing the state of the substance

endothermic

heat is added to a substance (absorbed)

exothermic

Heat is removed (released) from a substance

plasma

super-heated and excited "gas" that has lost its electrons due to increased energy

Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)

particles have almost no motion and clump together in this state of matter due to temperatures at almost absolute zero

absolute zero

At this point, all particle motion will stop

same

How the mass of a solid substance would compare to the mass of the same substance when it melts.

particle model theory

States that all matter is made of particles, particles are always moving, there are spaces between particles, and that changing temperature affects the movement of particles.

atom

the smallest unit of matter (that retains its properties)

Kinetic Molecular Theory

States that all matter is composed of particles (atoms and molecules) moving constantly in random directions

melting

a solid turns into a liquid

vaporization

a liquid turns into a gas

sublimation

a solid turns into a gas without turning into a liquid

condensation

a gas turns into a liquid

freezing

a liquid turns into a solid

molecules

A pure substance made of two or more atoms bonded together

PASS

acronym for how to use a fire extinguisher