Year 10 - Kinematics
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33 Terms
speed
distance travelled per unit of time
average speed
total distance / total time
instantaneous speed
The rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time
units of speed
m/s
velocity
Speed in a given direction
acceleration (definition)
The rate at which velocity changes
acceleration unit
m/s^2
free fall
the motion of a falling object when the only force acting on it is gravity
air resistance
force of friction in the air
20 m/s
A car travels 400m in 20s, how fast is it going?
1.25 m/s
It takes me 720 seconds to walk to school, 900 meters, how fast am I walking?
4050 m
How far around the track can you walk if you are walking for 1800 seconds, at a speed of 2.25 m/s?
vector quantity
A quantity specified by magnitude and direction.
t
Symbol used to represent time.
d
Symbol used to represent distance.
distance
A measurement of how far apart objects are
displacement
An object's overall change in position.
terminal velocity
the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity
Slope of a speed time graph
acceleration
slope of a distance time graph
speed
motion
a change in the position of an object over time
Scalar quantity
Scalar quantities have a size (or magnitude only)
Speed formula
s = d/t
velocity formula
v=d/t
A flat line on a distance-time graph indicates
Motion has stopped
The slope is known as
gradient
acceleration
increasing speed
deceleration
Decreasing speed
Systematic errors
Errors that affect the accuracy of a measurement that cannot be improved by repeating an experiment; usually due to equipment or system errors.
Random errors
Chance variation in measurements. The result may be higher or lower than the actual value
A key way to minimise random error
Perform multiple trials and calculate the average of these trials
Accuracy
refers to the how close a measured value is to its true value
Reliability
Consistency of results in an experiment