bio short answer

question 2

In artificial selection, humans are the ones who choose which organisms reproduce based on desired traits. In contrast, natural selection is driven by the environment, which "selects" organisms with traits that help them survive and reproduce better. Thus, artificial selection is guided by human choice, while natural selection happens naturally through environmental pressures.

question 3

Humans are not descended from chimpanzees, but they share a common ancestor. This means that millions of years ago, there was a species that gave rise to both humans and chimpanzees. Since then, humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately on different paths. So, they are related like distant cousins, not as one being directly descended from the other.

question 4

One example of noticeable evolutionary change that humans can observe is the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. When bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, some may have mutations that help them survive the treatment. These resistant bacteria then reproduce, and over a short time, the population changes to include more antibiotic-resistant individuals. This rapid evolution can happen within months or years and shows how natural selection works in real time.

question 5

If species did not evolve, many organisms would not be able to adapt to the constantly changing Earth. Changes like ice ages, rising oceans, and asteroid impacts create new environments and challenges. Without evolution, species would be stuck with the same traits and likely unable to survive these changes. As a result, many species would quickly become extinct, leading to a major loss of life on Earth. Evolution allows life to adapt and continue despite environmental shifts.