Biological catalysts IGCSE Biology (Cambridge)

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Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms related to biological catalysts, enzymes, and their functions, based on IGCSE Biology (Cambridge) lecture notes.

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11 Terms

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Catalyst

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not itself changed by the reaction.

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Catalase

Enzymes that act as biological catalysts. The enzyme that catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide.

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Catalase

The enzyme that catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide.

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Proteins

Long molecules that are folded into a specific shape.

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Active Site

The site on the enzyme where the reaction occurs.

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Lock and Key Hypothesis

States that the active site specifically matches the shape of the substrate molecule.

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Optimum Temperature

The temperature at which the rate of reaction is fastest.

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Denature

The enzyme changes shape and the active site no longer matches the shape of the substrate molecule.

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Proteases

Break down the coloured, insoluble proteins that cause stains to smaller, colourless soluble polypeptides.

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Pectinase

Break down substances in apple cell walls and enable greater juice extraction.

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Lactase

Breaks down lactose in milk into glucose and galactose.