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Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms related to biological catalysts, enzymes, and their functions, based on IGCSE Biology (Cambridge) lecture notes.
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Catalyst
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not itself changed by the reaction.
Catalase
Enzymes that act as biological catalysts. The enzyme that catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide.
Catalase
The enzyme that catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide.
Proteins
Long molecules that are folded into a specific shape.
Active Site
The site on the enzyme where the reaction occurs.
Lock and Key Hypothesis
States that the active site specifically matches the shape of the substrate molecule.
Optimum Temperature
The temperature at which the rate of reaction is fastest.
Denature
The enzyme changes shape and the active site no longer matches the shape of the substrate molecule.
Proteases
Break down the coloured, insoluble proteins that cause stains to smaller, colourless soluble polypeptides.
Pectinase
Break down substances in apple cell walls and enable greater juice extraction.
Lactase
Breaks down lactose in milk into glucose and galactose.