E.O.C. 2.0 Test Review (Gilded Age 1877-1898)

Flashcards for E.O.C. 2.0 Test Review covering key terms and concepts from the Gilded Age through the 21st Century.

What was the key outcome of the Homestead Act?

Created cheap land grants to help the settlement of the Great Plains by Irish and African American farmers.

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act do?

Limited Asian immigration to the U.S. as nativists feared foreigners might steal their jobs.

What event prompted increased immigration from Ireland to the U.S. in the mid-1800s?

Potato Famine.

What was the main effect of urbanization during the Gilded Age?

Increased movement of people from rural to city areas for jobs caused by industrial growth.

What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?

Promoted cultural assimilation of Native Americans by providing individual families land not whole tribes.

What did political machines promise in exchange for votes?

Basic urban infrastructure and services.

Who was Thomas Edison?

Inventor of the light bulb that made manufacturing more efficient by extending factory hours and production into the night.

What industry was significantly affected by the invention of barbwire?

Cattle Industry.

What did unions, such as the Knights of Labor, aim to achieve?

Collective bargaining for better pay and working conditions.

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Steel industrialist who helped the aspiring rise to success through philanthropy.

What was the Sherman Antitrust Act designed to do?

Prohibit activities that restrict competition between businesses.

What was the Interstate Commerce Act?

Regulated railroad practices of fixing higher rates for farmers.

What was Upton Sinclair's contribution to the New Deal era?

His book 'The Jungle' exposed unsanitary and dangerous conditions in meat factories.

Who was J.P. Morgan?

A wealthy banker and financier who helped broker business deals.

What was the political response to the rise of monopolies during the Gilded Age?

The Sherman Antitrust Act prohibited activities that restricted competition.

What was the impact of urbanization during the Gilded Age?

Rise of cities and the expansion of urban areas due to job opportunities.

What was the objective of the Espionage Act of 1918?

Prohibited forms of free speech, including disloyal language against the war effort.

What does the term 'Containment' refer to during the Cold War?

U.S. policy aimed at halting the spread of Communism.

What was the primary goal of the Marshall Plan?

Financial assistance to Western Europe to rebuild after WWII and prevent Communism.

What was the significance of the 26th Amendment?

Lowered the voting age to 18, allowing younger citizens to vote.

What was the purpose of the U.S. Patriot Act?

Allowed the government to search, conduct surveillance, and detain suspected terrorists after 9/11.

Who was Barack Obama?

First African American elected president in 2008, who implemented a universal healthcare system.

What are multi-national corporations?

Large business enterprises that have operations in many countries.