Behavioral Perspectives and Personality

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts from the lecture on behavioral perspectives and personality psychology.

Observational Learning

A type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating others.

Model

The person whose behavior is being imitated in observational learning.

Bobo Doll Experiment

An experiment conducted by Albert Bandura demonstrating that children imitate aggressive behavior modeled by adults.

Self-Efficacy

A person's belief in their ability to complete a task or achieve a goal.

Congruence

A state in which a person's self-concept accurately reflects their experiences.

Incongruence

The disparity between one's self-concept and actual experience.

Unconditional Love

Affection offered regardless of behavior or circumstance, fostering higher self-worth.

Conditional Love

Affection that depends on meeting certain conditions or expectations, which can lead to incongruence.

Hierarchical Needs

Maslow's pyramid illustrating the order of needs, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Self-Actualization

The realization of an individual's potential, self-fulfillment, and seeking personal growth.

Humanistic Psychology

A psychological perspective that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans and their drive for personal growth.

Behavioral Perspectives

Psychological approaches that focus on observable behavior and the influence of environmental factors.

Cognitive Processes in Learning

Mental processes including attention, memory, ability, and motivation that influence learning.

Empirical Research

Research based on observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.

Big Five Personality Traits

A model proposing five core traits: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Heritability Ratio

An estimate of the proportion of variation in a trait attributed to genetic inheritance.

Evolutionary Psychology

A field of study that examines psychological traits as adaptations that have evolved over time.

Narcissism

A personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of importance and a need for admiration.

Perfectionism

A deeply ingrained concern for attaining high standards of performance.