AP Computer Science - Computing Systems and Networks

Why are long text messages sometimes delivered out of order?

because packets are delivered in different rates

When an internet service outage occurs in a different part of your town or city, how are you still able to access the internet?

redundancy

computing device

a physical artifact that can run a program (ex: computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors)

computing system

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

computer network

a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data (a type of computing system)

a path between two computing devices on a computer networks (a sender and a receiver)

a sequence of directly connected computing devices that begins at the sender and ends at the receiver

routing

the process of finding a path from sender to receiver

bandwidth

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time

How is bandwidth usually measured?

bits per second

the Internet

a computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (nonproprietary) communication protocols

What does access to the Internet depend on?

the ability to connect a computing device to an internet-connected device

protocol

an agreed-upon set rules that specify the behavior of a system

True or False: protocols to the internet are open

true

What is the routing on the internet usually?

dynamic (it is not specified in advance)

scalability

the capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands (the internet was designed to be scalable)

data stream

how information is passed through the Internet

packets

what data streams that contain chunk of data are encapsulated in

packets may arrive…

at the destination in order, out of order, or not at all

top 3 common protocols used on the Internet

IP, TCP, and UDP

world wide web

a system of linked pages, programs, and files

http

a protocol used by the World Wide Web

redundancy

the inclusion of extra components that can be used to mitigate failure of a system if other components fail

What is one way to accomplish network redundancy?

by having more than on path between any two connected devices

What happens if a particular device or connection on the Internet fails?

subsequent data will be sent via a different route, if possible

fault-tolerant

when a system can support failures and still continue to function

What does redundancy of routing options between two points do?

increases the reliability of the Internet and helps it scale to more devices and more people

redundancy within a system requires additional resources, but…

can provide the benefit of fault tolerance