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Congress of Vienna
An unprecedented meeting of the most powerful nation-states of Europe from September 1814 to June 1815, aimed at redrawing the map of Europe after Napoleon's defeat.
Metternich
Prince Klemens von Metternich, the Austrian statesman who led the Congress of Vienna and sought to maintain order and prevent revolutionary movements.
Legitimacy of Rule
The principle that old European monarchies should be restored to power after Napoleon's defeat.
Balance of Power
A key goal of the Congress of Vienna aimed at preventing any one nation from becoming too powerful, thereby ensuring peace in Europe.
Concert of Europe
An agreement established by the Quadruple Alliance to meet regularly to discuss and manage European affairs, preventing revolutions and conflicts.
Quadruple Alliance
The alliance formed in 1815 between Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Britain to maintain the order established by the Congress of Vienna.
Nationalism
A political ideology that spread as a result of the Congress of Vienna; the desire for a group of people to have their own nation or sovereignty.
Radical
A person who wishes to make basic changes quickly in society or politics.
Reactionary
A person who wishes to return society to a previous condition, opposing current or progressive changes.
Liberalism
An ideology desiring moderate changes in society and governance, promoting individual freedoms and rights.
Censorship
The suppression of speech, press, and other forms of communication, as practiced by Metternich in the Austrian Empire.
Napoleon's 100 Days Campaign
The period between Napoleon's return from exile and his defeat at Waterloo, during which he regained power in France.
Final Act
The formal agreement concluded at the Congress of Vienna in June 1815, outlining the decisions made by the participating powers.
Compensation from France
Payments and territorial concessions from France to nations that fought against Napoleon to restore balance in Europe.
