Chapter 10: Cellular Respiration

What is the overall balanced equation (reaction) of Cellular Respiration?

C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+ energy 

What are the three phases of Cellular Respiration

1. Glycolysis

2. Krebs cycle/citric acid cycle

3. Electron transport chain

In which phase is O2 required

• electron transport chain

• Krebs cycle

How many ATP molecules are produced in cellular respiration if you start with one glucose molecule?

36

How many ATP molecules are produced in cellular respiration if you start with two glucose molecules?

72

What is NAD+?

NAD+: electron carrier of 2 electron transports and one hydrogen 

Why is NAD+ important?

• Importance; electrons are used in the electron transport chain which makes majority of your body ATP

How is NAD+ similar/different to NADP+ in photosynthesis?

• Similar to NADP+  it is an electron carrier

• Different to NADP+ because it doesnt bave a phosphate

Summarize the key parts (phases) of glycolysis. What happens in each?

Glucose enters a chemical pathway. Pre-existing ATP breaks the glucose in half and turns into 2 pyruvic acids. When bonds break, molecules are released that can make energy. ADP is turned into ATP, and NAD+ is turned into NADPH. The Pyruvic acid goes to the Krebs cycle, the NADPH goes to the electron transport chain, and the ATP goes where its needed. 

Summarize what happens during the Krebs cycle.

Pyuriv acid enters the Krebs cycle and undergoes several changes. Carbon dioxide is released, and energy is released and goes to the electron transport chain. ATP is created,d, and so is FADH2.

What are the two-electron carrier types produced in cellular respiration?

NAD+ and FAD

what is the role of O2 in cellular respiration

Oxygen is the last electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

How do these electron carriers compare to those in photosynthesis?

NAD+ is found in cellular respiration, and NADP+ is found in photosynthesis

What is the role of the electron transport chain in the synthesis of ATP?

It makes the majority of cellular respirations atp 

How is ATP made in cellular respiration?

In the inner membrane space of the mitochondria, the H+ ions enter ATP synthase (enzymes), which convert ADP to ATP. When hydrogen enters ATP synthase, it rotates and attaches a phosphate group to ADP, creating ATP. The Hydrogen ion is now in the inner membrane space and could be used to make water or return to the inner membrane space. 

what is needed to make atp

• To make ATP adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphates

where does atp synthases come from

proteins

How does the production of ATP compare in photosyntheis and cellular repiration

• Photosynthesis is made from the splitting of water molecules,

• cellular respiration: made in glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and mostly in the Electron Transport Chain

What are the two types of fermentation?

Lactic Acid and Alcoholic

Where does fermentation happen in the cell?

Cytoplasm

products of alcholic fermentation?

• NAD+, 2 Ethyl alcohol and 2 CO2

products of lactic acidfermentation?

NAD+, and 2 lactic acid   

Why does fermentation occur?

Your body runs low on oxygen and resorts to fermentation to keep functioning.

What organisms perform each type

• Alcoholic: Yeast and microorganisms

• Lactic Acid: All Humans