1.4 Political Action Committees

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10 Terms

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Political Action Committees (PACs)
Groups that raise funds for favored candidates.
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Explosive growth of PACs
Increase from 600 PACs in 1974 to over 4600, with around 40% supported by corporations.
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FECA of 1974
Legislation that established limits on individual contributions and the structure for PAC contributions.
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Individual contribution limits
Individuals could contribute up to $1000 (now $2900 as of 2020) to candidates.
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PAC contribution limits
PACs can contribute 5 times what an individual can contribute, with no total limit.
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Incumbency influence
In 2008, PACs gave $305 million to incumbents and only $49 million to challengers.
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PAC money in congressional campaigns
PAC money comprises a higher percentage of funds for congressional campaigns than presidential campaigns.
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Who forms PACs?
Approximately 50% are corporations, 25% ideological organizations, 15% professional/trade/health associations, 10% labor unions.
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Factors influencing PAC contributions
Includes incumbency, shared philosophy, granting access, positions of special influence, and importance to the PAC.
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Upper class representation in PACs
Overrepresentation of upper and upper-middle classes, underrepresentation of the poor.