CH 9 QUZ APUH

Bill of Rights (1791)

First 10 amendments to the Constitution; guaranteed individual rights and limited government power.

Judiciary Act of 1789

Created the federal court system and established the Supreme Court.

Funding at Par

Hamilton’s policy to pay national debt at full value to restore government credit.

Assumption

Hamilton’s plan for the federal government to assume state debts from the Revolution.

Tariff (1789)

Small revenue tariff on imports to raise money for federal government and protect infant industries.

Excise Tax (1791)

Tax on domestic goods, especially whiskey, which angered frontier farmers.

Bank of the United States (1791)

National bank proposed by Hamilton to stabilize economy and hold federal deposits.

Strict Construction

Jeffersonian view that the Constitution should be interpreted narrowly.

Battle of the Wabash (1791)

Worst U.S. defeat against Natives; Little Turtle’s forces destroyed St. Clair’s army.

Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794)

General “Mad Anthony” Wayne defeated Miami Confederacy, leading to the Treaty of Greenville.

Treaty of Greenville (1795)

Natives ceded Ohio territory in exchange for money and protection.

Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

Farmers protested excise tax on whiskey; Washington used federal troops to crush it.

Haitian Revolution (1791–1804)

Slave revolt in Saint-Domingue led by Toussaint L’Ouverture.

Neutrality Proclamation (1793)

Washington declared U.S. neutral in French Revolutionary Wars.

Jay’s Treaty (1794)

Treaty with Britain where they agreed to leave western forts but did not stop seizing ships.

Pinckney’s Treaty (1795)

Treaty with Spain granting Americans navigation rights on the Mississippi River.

Farewell Address (1796)

Washington’s message warning against permanent alliances and political parties.

XYZ Affair (1797)

French officials demanded bribes from U.S. diplomats, sparking outrage.

Quasi-War with France (1798–1800)

Undeclared naval conflict between U.S. and France.

Convention of 1800

Treaty ending Quasi-War and alliance from 1778.

Alien Laws (1798)

Laws raising residency requirements for citizenship and allowing deportation of foreigners.

Sedition Act (1798)

Law punishing criticism of government officials.

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (1798–99)

Response to Alien & Sedition Acts; argued states could nullify unconstitutional federal laws.

George Washington

First U.S. president who set precedents and warned against alliances and political parties.

Alexander Hamilton

Treasury secretary and creator of the financial system.

Toussaint L’Ouverture

Leader of the Haitian Revolution.

Little Turtle

Miami Confederacy leader who defeated U.S. forces in the Ohio Valley.

“Mad Anthony” Wayne

U.S. general who defeated the Miami Confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.

John Jay

First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

John Adams

2nd U.S. president who kept the nation out of war with France and backed Alien & Sedition Acts.