Cardiovascular diagnostic tests/procedures

Which of the following is an invasive cardiac diagnostic test

cardiac catheterization

What are EKG used to diagnose?

myocardial infarction

true or false: EKG can be used to identify arrhythmias

true: they also detect heart rate, timing, strength of electrical impulses

Why would one choose to utilize a holter/tele instead of an EKG?

allows for continuous, >24 hour monitoring of a patient’s heart rhythm WHILE they complete ADLs/sports

What is the purpose of an ECHO?

ultrasound to determine the size, valve function, and integrity of the heart

Which volumes can an ECHO determine?

left ventricle SV, ejection fraction

What are exercise stress tests used for?

diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease

Is a pharmacological stress test considered invasive or noninvasive

noninvasive, as you are not directly affecting the heart

What is a cardiac catheterization/angiography used for?

assess for blockage of the coronary artery via insertion of a catheter and contrast

Why might a patient need an abdominal ultrasound?

to check the integrity of the aorta, AAA

What is the gold standard screening tool for a DVT?

vascular/venous ultrasounds

What is an ankle brachial index

assesses for PAD by utilizing systolic BP at the arm and ankle to determine a ratio, which is then measured on a scale

A ratio of 1.0-1.40 indicates?

normal ABI

A ratio of 0.5-0.9 indicates?

claudication

A ratio of 0.2-0.5 indicates?

critical limb ischemia

A ratio of < 0.2 indicates?

severe ischemia

A ratio of > 1.4 indicates?

rigid arteries, calcification