unit 7 apes study guide

Acid rain is associated with which of the following?

the burning of fossil fuels

the average vehicle releases 1.39 grams of NOx per mile driven. If a vehicle is driven 22,000 miles per year for 15 years, how much NOx does that vehicle release?

458700 grams

ground level ozone in most major United States cities results primarily from

motor vehicle exhaust

the human health impact most closely associated with atmospheric particulates is

asthma

which of the following is a primary air pollutant produced from burning coal?

SO2

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following air pollutants.
(A) Sulfur dioxide
(B) Lead
(C) Ozone
(D) Hydrocarbons
(E) Particulates

Implicated in Human neurological damage

B

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following air pollutants.
(A) Sulfur dioxide
(B) Lead
(C) Ozone
(D) Hydrocarbons
(E) Particulates

Is the major pollutant that electrostatic precipitators are designed to remove from power-plant smokestack emission

E

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following air pollutants.
(A) Sulfur dioxide
(B) Lead
(C) Ozone
(D) Hydrocarbons
(E) Particulates
Considered harmful in the troposphere but beneficial in the stratosphere

C

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following air pollutants.
(A) Sulfur dioxide
(B) Lead
(C) Ozone
(D) Hydrocarbons
(E) Particulates

Most often cited as the causative factor for acid deposition

A

Smoke from forest fires is most likely to affect air quality over larger areas for many days when ...

a persistent atmosphere inversion exist in the region

All of the following are likely consequences of indoor air pollution except an increase in:
a. the risk of developing skin cancer
b. the development or exacerbation of asthma
c. the risk of developing lung cancer
d. flulike symptoms, chronic fatigue, and nausea
e. respiratory diseases leading to premature death

the risk of developing skin cancer

The danger from radon gas would most likely be greatest in

A)high-rise office buildings

B)areas with a high density of automobiles

C)well-insulated homes

D)crop-dusted agricultural fields

E)airplanes at high altitudes

C

What are the three main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the US?

industry, transportation, and energy production

Which of the following would most likely reduce the concentration of ground-level ozone in the air of a city?

(A) Release of CFCs into the air of the city

(B) Occurrence of several consecutive days of sunny weather

(C) Formation of a temperature inversion

(D) Decrease in the emissions of nitrogen oxides

D

which of the following is a natural source of atmospheric carbon dioxide?

respiration

Which of the following natural forces is responsible for the release of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric gases?

a. the Milankovitch cycles
b. volcanoes
c. solar intensity
d. burning of fossil fuels

B

Of the following, which is true of noise pollution?
A) Noise pollution is an insignificant occupational hazard.
B) Noise at 100 decibels has twice the energy of noise at 50 decibels.
C) Hearing damage occurs most quickly when the intensity level of the sound is low.
D) In urban areas, few individuals are exposed to noise pollution.
E) Sudden or persistent noise may lead to permanent hearing loss

E

what important phenomenon that often plays a role in air pollution episodes is illustrated in the diagram above?

inversion

which of the following environmental problems is most often linked to the combustion of fossil fuels?

photochemical smog formation in the troposphere

which of the following illustrates the reactants needed to form tropospheric ozone?

NO2+VOCs+O2+sunlight