ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS PHARM EXAM 3

Oral - insulin secretagogues MOA

stimulate release of insulin

Oral insulin secretagogues classes

sulfonylureas, meglitinides (SSM)

Oral insulin secretagogues - sulfonylureas drugs

glipizide, glybunde, glimepride

Oral insulin secretagogues - sulfonylureas drugs AE

decrease BSL, weight gain

Oral insulin secretagogues - sulfonylureas caution!

pregnancy, renal/hepatic disease

Oral insulin secretagogues - meglitinides

faster acting, always follow with meal

Oral insulin secretagogues - metglitinides drugs

repaglinide, nateglinide

Oral- Thiazolidinedions drugs

piglitazone, rosiglitazone (AZONE)

Oral- Thiazolidinedions AE

edema, URI, sinusitus, HF, weight gain, bone/bladder cancer

Oral- Alpha glucose inhibitors drugs

acarbose, migitol

Oral- alpha-glucose inhibitors AE

limited effectivness, GI disturbances, liver dysfunction

Oral- Biguanides drugs

metformin

Oral- Biguanides MOA

supresses hepatic glucose, increases glucose uptake

Oral- Biguanides AE

lactic acidosis, avoid alcohol, decrease B12

What should you hold with IV dye studies due to renal insufficiency

Oral insulin secretagogues - Biguanides drugs (metformin)

Oral- SGLT2 inhibitor drugs

canagliflozin, dapaliflozin, empagliflozin (FLOZIN)

Oral- SGLT2 inhibitor MOA

secretes sugar from urine

positives of Oral SGLT2 inhibitors

decrease HF risk, cardio and renal protection

Oral- Incretin mimetics categories

oral GLP1, DPP4 inhibitors

Oral- Incretin mimetics (oral GLP1) drugs

semaglutide

Oral- Incretin mimetics (oral GLP1) MOA

slows gastric emptying, increases satiety

Oral- Incretin mimetics (oral GLP1) AE

pancreatic/thyroid cancer, hypoglycemia with insulin

Oral- Incretin mimetics (DPP4) drugs

sitagliptin, saxagliptin, alogliptin, linagliptin (GLIPTIN)

Oral- Incretin mimetics (DPP4) AE

nasal inflammation, URI, pancreatitis, HA

Injectable insulin - ultra short drugs

afreeza, insulin human powder

Injectable insulin - ultra short route of admin

inhaled

Injectable insulin - rapid short drugs

lispro, aspart, gluline

Injectable insulin - rapid short drugs admin route

SQ witih meal

Injectable insulin - short drugs

human insulin

Injectable insulin - intermediate drugs

NPH

Injectable insulin - intermediate drugs route of admin

1-2 x day between meals, clear to cloudy

Injectable insulin - long drugs

degludec

Injectable insulin - ultra long meds

glargine, detemir

Injectable insulin - ultra long med route of admin

SQ once a day

Amylin mimetic target

T1 T2

Amylin mimetic drug

pramlintide

Injectable incretin mimetics target

only T2

Injectable incretin mimetic categories

GLP1 and GLP1/GLP

Injectable incretin mimetic GLP-1 drugs

Irraglutide, semaglutide, dulaglu

Injectable incretin mimetics GLP1/GLP drugs

tirezpatide