Renaissance study guide

Machiavelli

Machiavelli

• leader who wrote The prince

• believed a good leader will do anything to achieve their goal

• included being a bad person, such as killing people to get what they want. 

Medici

• richest family in the renaissance

• were patrons of the art from the renaissance

• family bank

• reason for the beautification of city states, by bringing back Greek and roman ideas. 

Antiquity

Greek and Roman ideas 

Savonarola

• kicked out the Medici family, which lead to him being an unofficial leader

• told people to burn their expensive stuff into a bonfire

• the church charged him with heresy

Luther

• hung the 95 these on the church door

• wrote the bible in the vernacular so everyone could read it 

• started Lutheran church

Merchant

they sell or trade things along the silk road

Gutenberg

• made the printer presser

• let people gain access to knowledge and made a greater spread of information

Patron

• someone who pays money to someone else to produce something

• commissions

Humanism & Humanist Values

• person believes that humans have the capability to do something

• values are that people have the right to knowledge, education, be curious, and to be skilled. 

Civic Humanism

believed people should be good citizens and to be that you should be educated in politics and history 

Italian City-States

• separate cities in Italy that have their own government system

• They are surrounded by hinterlands. 

Usury

lending money to someone then charging interest 

Heresy

• going against the church

• could get punished by church 

Scientific method

promoted using observations by using evidence and reasoning 

Vernacular

the language everyone spoke in that area 

Renaissance

the rebirth of Greek and Roman ideas  

Silk Road

• It was a route to get to Asia but needed to get through Italy to get to Asia

• merchants went along that route to sell or trade

Italy

boot like shape country in Europe 

Geography of Italy

• mountains

• surrounded by the ocean 

Islamic civilization knowledge was greater than that of Europeans

• taught the Europeans about the wealth they had

• way more advanced, having wealth and having knowledge

Ancient Greek and Roman knowledge

brought back these ideas in art, science, architecture 

4 Reasons for City-State Success

• geography - trade cheaper/easier

• climate - mild, grow crops any time of year

• leadership - separate government

• social organization - can move up or down hierarchy

Human anatomy and medicine

• started dissecting human bodies to learn anatomy

• how to find cures for the diseases that were spreading 

Mathematics influence

showed geometry and how things in nature can be measured 

Change in art during the Renaissance

• having depth

• humans

• being more realistic

• correct anatomy

• correct proportions

Protestant Reformation spread

• people that read bible, which was written in the vernacular protested the church

• wanted to follow Luther instead because he knew more about the bible and God and was logical

Isabella d’Este

• leader

• humanitarian

• listened to peoples issues

• peace

Dante

• wrote Dante’s inferno in vernacular

• scared people to becoming a good person

geocentricism

everything revolves around earth

heliocentrism

everything revolves around sun

Nicolas Copernicus

• disproved geocentricism

• proved earth rotated on axis

Leonardo Da Vinci

• dissected humans that help inform doctors and artist

• made famous art + inventions

Galileo

• developed modern astronomy

• scientific method

• astronomy

indulgences

a ticket to heaven for a very high cost sold from the church