Plants - Biodiversity Quiz

FROM HOMEWORK 3

Gymnosperms (1)

Most closely related to Angiosperms

Gymnosperms (2)

The most prominent plant group during the time of the dinosaurs

When did plants evolve from green algae?

475 million years ago

An example of seedless vascular plants:

Ferns

Bryophytes

The living plants that are most similar to the first plants that beared gametangia

What characteristic is shared by algae and seed plants?

Chloroplasts

Charophytes

The closest alga relatives of land plants

What enabled plants to move onto land?

the development of sporopollenin to prevent the drying out of zygotes

What is true for all sexually reproducing plants and animals?

The process of meiosis produces haploid cells

What plant structures are haploid?

The egg, gametophytes, and spores

What is the dominant stage of the life cycle in moss?

The gametophyte

What is the dominant stage of the life cycle in ferns?

The sporophyte

What produces sperm in moss?

Antheridia

The sperm produced by mosses require _____ to reach an archegonium.

moisture

In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____.

mitosis; mitosis

In seedless plants, a fertilized egg will develop into __________.

a sporophyte

Where do fern antheridia develop?

on the underside of the gametophyte

The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____.

diploid sporophyte

What evolutionary development allowed plants to grow tall?

a lignified vascular tissue

During the Carboniferous period, forests consisting mainly of __________ produced vast quantities of organic matter, which was buried and later became coal.

ferns and other seedless plants

What is the difference between sporophytes and gametophytes?

Sporophytes are diploid, whereas gametophytes are haploid.

Seedless plants include __________.

bryophytes, lycophytes, and monilophytes

What could occur after plants moved from the oceans to land?

Animals could also move onto land because there were opportunities for new food sources.

Describe the colonization of terrestrial habitats by plants?

It occurred in conjunction with fungi that helped provide them with nutrients from the soil.

The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always __________.

produces spores

Plant gametophytes are:

haploid multicellular bodies

Microphylls are found in which plant group?

lycophytes