Calculations

sample rate

number of samples per second

bit depth

the number of bits available to store amplitude measures

units of data

• bit (0 or 1)

• nibble (4 bits)

• byte (8 bits)

• kilobyte (1000 bytes)

• megabyte (1000 KB)

• gigabyte (1000 MB)

• terabyte (1000 GB)

• petabyte (1000 TB)

sound file size

sample rate x duration (s)

image file size

colour depth x image height (px) x image width (px)

text file size

bits per character x number of characters

left shift

• multiplication

• leftmost bit is discarded

• all bits move to the left

right shift

• division

• rightmost bit is discarded

• all bits move to the right

overflow

when the result of binary addition exceeds the available bits

loss of precision

when multiplying binary values and the overflow is lost

binary addition

• 0 + 0 = 0

• 1 + 0 = 1

• 1 + 1 = 0 (carry the 1)

• 1 + 1 + 1 = 1 (carry the 1)