MT 1 gastro practice questions pg 1-7 - L

Select all the hormones produced by the Enteroendocrine cells in the stomach that stimulate the production of acid:

A.serotonin
B.histamine

C.gastric

D.acetylcholine

histamine and gastric

Where would you find the myenteric nervous plexus?

A.within the submucosa
B.between the longitudinal muscle and parietal peritoneum

C.between the circular muscle and the submucosa

D.between the longitudinal muscle and the submucosa

D.between the longitudinal muscle and the submucosa

Select all of the following that can cause xerostomia?

A. GERD

B. Medications

C. Mumps

D. Measles

Medications and mumps

Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a laceration of the esophagus/stomach Junction due to severe retching- true or false?

A. True

B. False

true

Leukoplakia is a condition that affects the oral cavity and is pre-cancerous- true or false?

A. True

B. False

true

Barrett’s esophagus affects the lower third of the esophagus- true or false?

A. True

B. False

true

Chemical esophagitis is described as an accidental or attempted poisoning which causes damage to the cells of the esophagus- true or false?

A. True

B. False

true

Which nerve is responsible for controlling the salivary secretions from the parotid gland?

A. Olfactory

B. hypoglossal
C. facial
D. glossopharyngeal

D. glossopharyngeal

Inputs from the superior and inferior salivatory nuclei relay information to the hypothalamus which then stimulates the stomach to produce acid as part of the cephalic phase of secretion- true or false?

A. True

B. False

false

Which of the following is found in saliva?

A. Two of the choices are correct

B. Lysozyme
C. All of the choices are correct

D. Chyme
E. Ptyalin

A. Two of the choices are correct

What is secreted by the duodenum that produces a stimulatory effect for secretions of the stomach?

Intestinal gastrin

For the production of HCl, the hydrogen ion that is used comes from ___?

Carbonic acid

Which one of the following symptoms does one have if they have achalasia?

A. Indigestion

B. Diarrhea
C. Two of the options

D. Dysphasia

D. Dysphasia

Select all of the structures that would be found in the submucosa.

A. Loose connective tissue

B. Arteries
C. Auerbach’s nerve plexus

D. Meissner's nerve plexus

A. Loose connective tissue

D. Meissner's nerve plexus

All of the following are risk factors for developing GERD except?

A. NSAIDS

B. Pregnancy

C. Alcohol
D. Nicotine

A. NSAIDS

Achalasia is failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to contract in response to swallowing- true or false?

A. True

B. False

False

17. Which cell is responsible for producing mucus for the lumen of the stomach?

    A. Chief

    B. Goblet

    C. Enteroendocrine
    D. Mucousneckglands

B. Goblet

The sliding hernia is the most common hiatal hernia which is described as the Cardia of the

stomach and the LES passing above the diaphragm- true or false?

A. True

B. False

true

Please select the hormones that inhibit the secretions of the stomach.

A. Gastrin

B. Secretin

C. Serotonin
D. Intestinalgastrin

Secretin

Leukoplakia is a condition that affects the teeth and is described as white patches on the enamel- true or false?

A. True

B. False

false

What is the name of an esophageal diverticulum that is found at the distal end of the esophagus?

A. Diaphragmatic

B. epiphrenic

C. zenker

D. traction

B. epiphrenic

Plummer-Vinson syndrome is characterized by esophageal webs, mucosal lesions, and gastrin deficiency- true or false?

A. True

B. False

false

3. Pick the signs/symptoms associated with atresia. Pick all that apply.

A. Distended abdomen
B. Nausea
C. Excessive secretions

D. Regurgitation

C. Excessive secretions

D. Regurgitation

Please list one of the hormones produced in the stomach that causes a decrease in motility of the stomach.

Somatostatin

There are cells in the gastric gland called Enteroendocrine cells. They are very important for regulation and release their secretions to the ___?

A. Lumen of the stomach

B. Submucosa

C. Lamina propria

D. Lumen of the gastric gland

C. Lamina propria

While food is in the mouth, both forms of digestion, mechanical and chemical, are working to process it- true or false?

A. True

B. False

true

There are several methods of decreasing motility in the stomach. Select which of the hormones listed will support this. Select all that apply.

A. Secretin
B. Cholecystokinin
C. Gastrin inhibiting motilitin

D. Serotonin

A. Secretin
B. Cholecystokinin

What type of tooth is found as part of permanent teeth but not deciduous teeth?

Premolar

We discussed that the stomach has specific regions responsible for increased or efficient production of secretions. Which regions of the stomach produce more mucus?

A. Antrum

B. Body

C. Cardia

D. Fundus

antrum and cardia

The parotid gland is a salivary gland that secretes serous saliva as well as lingual lipase. True or false?

A. True

B. False

false

Select the contractions that occur in the stomach. Select all that apply.

A. Pyloric pump
B. Peristaltic contractions

C. Haustration
D. Segmentation

A. Pyloric pump
B. Peristaltic contractions

Which efferent nerves are involved in the pharyngeal phase of swallowing? Pick all that apply.

1. Facial nerve

2. Trigeminal nerve

3. Spinal accessory nerve

4. Vagus nerve

Trigeminal nerve

Vagus nerve

33. Which one of these statements is correct in response to deciduous teeth?

    A. Two of these options is correct
    B.These teeth start to protrude into the mouth by the age of 6 months

    C.Deciduous teeth will continue to form up to 6 years of age

    D.There will be a total of 30 by the age of 10.

B.These teeth start to protrude into the mouth by the age of 6 months

33. Where in the CNS is swallowing controlled? Select all that apply.

A. lower pons
B. Salivatory nuclei

C.Medulla oblongata

D. Hypothalamus

lower pons and medulla oblongata

The epiglottis swings down to cover the trachea during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing. True or false?

A. True

B. False

true

Which of the following is a feature of the stomach that is not found on the G.I. tract?

A. Folds referred to as rugae

B. It has an additional outer muscle called Tenia coil

C. The stomach is not covered by a serous covering

D. There is an additional layer of mucosa

A. Folds referred to as rugae

The most common fistula that is detected is a lower esophageal fistula connected to the tracheal carina- true or false?

A. True

B. False

A. True

During class we discussed signs and symptoms of esophageal varices. Select all the following that was discussed.

A. Shock
B. Hematemesis

C. Melena
D. Regurgitation

A. Shock
B. Hematemesis

C. Melena

Which one of the following would correctly describe how scleroderma affects the esophagus?

A. Scleroderma affects the lower third of the esophagus causing a lack of peristalsis
B. Two of the above options are correct
C. It can be caused by excessive consumption of NSAIDs
D. Aggressive symptoms include webbing of the lining of the upper third of the esophagus

A. Scleroderma affects the lower third of the esophagus causing a lack of peristalsis

We discussed title hernias and lecture. What was said in respect to the most common Presentation of a hiatal hernia?

A. Regurgitation

B. Pyrosis
C. Dysphasia
D. Asymptomatic

D. Asymptomatic

According to the notes, which of the following stimulate the esophagus? Pick all that apply.

Myenteric n.p.

Vagus nerve

Which of the following statements is correct for the stomach?

There are three layers of muscle that compose the muscularis externa

What is another name for the chief cells found in the gastric gland?

Peptic cells

Select which type of epithelium lines the stomach

Columnar

We discussed HCL formation in the stomach in the lecture. Please select the statement that is correct with respect to this.

Chloride moves through a channel into the lumen of the gastric gland due to a concentration gradient.

What is another word that describes swallowing?

Deglutination

Which of the following choices the closest to the lumen of the GI tract

Lamina propria

An atresia is an abnormality that affects the esophagus and the trachea.

False

What is the name given to a condition that results in absence of salivary production?

Xerostomia