29 - Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Physiology

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the physiology of oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the body, including hemoglobin function, the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve, factors affecting pH, and specific conditions related to hemoglobin.

What is the main function of hemoglobin (Hb) in the body?

To transport oxygen (O2) in red blood cells.

What is the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve used to illustrate?

The relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and the percentage saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen.

How does an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) affect blood pH?

Increases in CO2 lead to an increase in hydrogen ions ([H+]), resulting in a decrease in pH.

What happens to hemoglobin's affinity for O2 at higher temperatures?

Hemoglobin's affinity for O2 decreases, promoting oxygen release to tissues.

What condition can lead to an increased production of 2,3-DPG in red blood cells?

Hypoxic conditions, such as anemia or high altitude.

What is carbaminohemoglobin?

Hemoglobin bound to carbon dioxide (CO2), formed when CO2 diffuses from tissues into the blood.

What does a leftward shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve indicate?

Increased affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.

What does an increase in [H+] reflect about the blood's acidity?

It indicates a decrease in pH, meaning the blood is more acidic.

What ion's concentration determines blood pH?

Hydrogen ions (H+).

Why is fetal hemoglobin (HbF) significant for a developing fetus?

It has a greater affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin, allowing it to ‘steal’ oxygen from the mother's blood.