Post-Lab Quiz 2 - 232 Lab

Describe the composition of the 3 layers of a blood vessel wall and state the function of each

1. Tunica intima: endothelium lines lumen and provides a smooth surface for blood flow; releases N₂O gas which relaxes tunica media

2. Tunica media: circular smooth muscle fibers supported by elastic fibers; perform vasoconstriction and vasodilation

3. Tunica external: outermost layer (collagen): attaches vessels to other structures

   • very large vessels have their own blood supply called vasa vasorum

Compare and contrast the structures and functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries including lumen diameter, tunica thickness, valves, and blood flow

• Arteries:

  • Small lumen diameter

  • Thicker tunica media

  • Systemic: carry oxygenated blood

  • Pulmonary: carry deoxygenated blood

  • NO VALVES

• Veins:

  • Large lumen diameter

  • Thinner tunica media

  • Systematic: carry deoxygenated blood

  • Pulmonary: carry oxygenated blood

  • CONTAIN VALVES

Compare and contrast pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation; trace blood flow of each

• Systemic circulation: transports blood from the left side of the heart to the body for nutrient and gas exchanges and back to the right side of the heart

  • Supplies: oxygenated blood

  • Returns: deoxygenated blood

• Pulmonary circulation: moves blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for gas exchange and back to the left side of the heart

  • Supplies: deoxygenated blood

  • Returns: oxygenated blood

Know whether a vessel varries oxygenated or deoxygenated blood

Define vasoconstriction and vasodilation and explain how they relate to blood vessel lumen

• Vasoconstriction: a reduction in blood vessel diameter, reduces blood flow, and increases pressure

• Vasodilation: an increase in blood vessel diameter, increase in blood flow, decrease in pressure

Compare and contrast end vessels and vessel anatomoses

• End vessel: a simple pathway where one vessel takes blood to a tissue or organ

• Anatomoses: when two or more vessels converge to take blood to a tissue or organ

Trace blood flow through vessels listed for Blood Vessels - Lab 2

• Identify the vessel(s) blood just traveled from and the vesel(s) it will enter next; be prepared to identify more than one vessel if possible

• Identify the organ, region, or anatomical structure a blood vessel services

BODY

→ Superior vena cava and Inferior vena cava →

RIGHT ATRIA

→ Tricuspid valve →

RIGHT VENTRICLE

→ Pulmonary valve →

PULMONARY TRUNK

→ Left and Right Pulmonary Arteries →

LUNGS

→ Left and Right Pulmonary Veins →

LEFT ATRIA

→ Bicuspid Valve →

LEFT VETRICLE

→ Aortic Valve →

AORTA

Trace Blood Flow:

Describe the major anatomical features of the heart including its two sides, 4 chambers, 4 valves, attached great vessels, and the structures listed below

Orient and identify major features of the heart from anterior, posterior, superior, and inferior orientations when you give sagittal, frontal, and transverse cross sections

Trace blood flow through the heart

Explain coronary circulation; identify coronary arteries and veins, and the regions of the heart they serve

Describe the structure of cardiac muscle, including intercalated discs, and explain how it differs from skeletal and smooth muscle