Mil 3rd quarter

Communication

a process by which information is

exchanged between individuals through a

common system of symbols, signs, or

behavior

Information

-attribute inherent in and communicated

by one of two or more alternative

sequences or arrangements of something

Mass Media

- forms of communication designed to

convey information to the public

Cultivation Theory

- George Gerbner

- long-term exposure to consistent

media

- examples: advertisements, television

roles

Agenda-Setting Theory

- Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw

- immediate effects

- issues in public discourse, attention and recall

of media content

- examples: election coverage and policy

debates

Shannon-Weaver Model

- linear process

- reinforces message that needs to be

deconstructed if there is greater noise or

disturbance

Osgood-Schramm Model

- circular model

- emphasizes the shared experiences

and understanding between the sender

and the receiver

Literacy

cognitive ability to process information

using written materials in various contexts

Information Literacy

- ability to search, access, consolidate,

utilize, and create relevant information for

varying purposes.

Media Literacy

- how a person identifies and scrutinizes the

roles and functions of media institutions

- scrutinizes media content and how he/she

will make responsible and ethical use of

media

Technology Literacy

- skills needed to use technology effectively

Media and Information

Literacy

set of integrated skills, attitudes, and

competencies that empower citizens

Glittering generalities

• Uses emotionally appealing words that have positive connotations but lack specific details.

• Words like “freedom,” “justice,” “progress,” and “honor” sound good but may not have concrete meaning.

Bandwagon

Encourages people to join in because "everyone else is doing it."

Half-truth or card-stacking

• Presents only the favorable side of an argument while ignoring the negative aspects.

• Example: An advertisement claims a medicine is “recommended by doctors” but does not mention its side effects.

Appeal to authority

Uses experts, celebrities, or figures of authority to persuade, even if they are not experts in the topic.

Traditional Media

forms of communication before the age

of information

New Media

forms of communication in the

information age

1.Pre-Industrial Age

•e.g. papyrus, codex, hieroglyphics

2. Industrial Age (1700s to 1930s)

•Widespread dissemination of information

•Printing press

•Telegraph and the telephone

•Real-time communication

3. Electronic Age (1930s to 1980s)

•Allows mass media to take form

•Transistor and electronic computing

•Widespread dissemination of

information

Information Age (1900s to present)

•Birth of the internet

•Computing devices or gadgets

•Most notable for the use of social media

websites

Digital Media

•Any media that can be accessed and utilized

using digital devices

Social Media

•One of the most pervasive forms of digital

media

•Used heavily by business organizations, the

government, and political and entertainment

personalities

E-governance

•Access of government services online

through the application of Information and

Communication Technology (ICT) in

• Applications

•Infrastructure

• communication

Government-to-Citizen (G2C)

• Online public access of government services

• Examples: PSA portal, NBI portal, PRC-LERIS

Government-to-Business (G2B)

• Business’ access government services for registration

and processing of documents

• Examples: BIR NewBirReg

Government-to-Employee (G2E)

• Assistance to government employees such as

transactions between different departments

• Examples: online TESDA training, DepEd LMS and

DepEd LRMDS

Government-to-government (G2G)

• local and domestic level

• Interactions and transactions between government

services

• Example: US Embassy application

The Internet of

Things

• Kevin Ashton in 1990s

•Connect everyday objects to

a computing device to

analyze and produce useful

information

Internet of

Healthcare Things

• Wearables and healthcare

machineries connected to

the in to help monitor

patients’ condition outside

the hospital

Headline

Title of the article

•Designed to grab attention and summarize the

main point of the story

Byline

• Name of author

Lead

Opening paragraph with the most important

information

• 5Ws and 1H

Body

Main content of the article

• Details from the lead

• Contains quotations, attribution and background

information

Conclusion

• Closing statement or summary of points given

Dateline

• Location and date from which the article was reported.

• Usually found at the beginning of the article.

Visuals and Caption

• Photos or graphics for visual context

• Brief description of the photo

Print Media

-Text and visuals

-Inverted pyramid

Broadcast Media

• Audio and Video

• Headline-summary- detail

Online Media

-Multimedia (text,

video, interactive

content)

-Hyperlinked, non-

linear

Glocalization

•Crossover between globalization and local

needs

Library

•Organized collection of books,

periodicals, and printed materials

•Organized and managed by a

librarian

Academic Library

•Supports

curriculum of

educational

institutions

Public Library

•Funded by the

government

•Free and open

for public use

– School Library

•Primary and secondary

schools

•Provides educational

needs and instructional

materials for students

and teachers

Special Library

•Caters a specific

group of people from

a particular field of

discipline

•Collections or

archives of materials

Accuracy

•Consistent facts

•Must be fact-

checked and peer-

reviewed

•Use of proper

grammar and format

Codes

•Systems of signs and meanings

agreed upon by their users

Technical

Purposive use of tools or

equipment to convey meanings

1. Stunt work

2. Cinematics

3. Lighting

4. Editing

5. Background music

Symbolic

Signs, such as colors, gestures

of clothing which convey

familiar associated meanings.

1. How the set is designed

2. Predominant colors

Written

Use of language to convey

meaning

1. Script

2. Narration

3. Dialogue

Conventions or Norms

established practices or techniques

that shape how films are created

and understood

Kapihan

catching up or having

a deep talk over coffee is something

near and dear to our culture.

Balitaktakan

community comes

together to have a unified discussion

where everyone is equal and has a

voice.

Kuwentong Barbero

Literally, stories shared with and by

one’s barber.