CardioVascular Notes

smooth muscle

Surrounded by ________, arterioles are the primary site of vascular resistance.

Myocardium

________: Specialized muscle tissue (cardiac muscle) that forms the heart.

Veins

________ are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart.

Blood

________ is received into the atria and pushed out from the ventricles.

Capillaries

________: The smallest of the blood vessels, ________ help to enable the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other nutrients and waste substances between the blood and the tissues of the body.

Arteries

________ are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Skeletal Muscle Pump

________: The low pressure within the veins causes a problem for the cardiovascular system.

Systemic circulation

________: The role of the left side of the heart is to pump oxygenated blood, which has just returned from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Pulmonary circulation

________: The main function of the right side of the heart is to pump deoxygenated blood, which has just returned to the body, to the lungs.

Atria

Blood is received

What is blood contained of?

Plasma, White blood cells and red blood cells

Where does oxygen poor blood travel through?

Right Atrium, Tricuspid valve, Right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary arteries

Where does oxygen rich blood travel through?

Left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve and aorta

Arterioles

  Arterioles are vessels in the blood circulation system that branch out from arteries and lead to capillaries, where gas exchange eventually occurs

Capillaries

The smallest of the blood vessels, capillaries help to enable the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other nutrients and waste substances between the blood and the tissues of the body

Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure

When blood pressure is reported or measured, it is often stated as being the systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure (e.g., 120/80 mmHg)

Systolic blood pressure

refers to the maximum pressure observed in the arteries during the contraction phase of the ventricle (e.g., 120 mmHg)

Diastolic blood pressure

the minimum pressure observed in the arteries during the relaxation phase of the ventricle (e.g., 80 mmHg)

The Cardiac Cycle

The cardiac cycle is a series of events that occurs through one heartbeat

Function of the heart

The heart pushes oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Blood flows from the heart through arteries and back to the heart through the veins.