Konnichi What? Japanese Language School Pre Intermediate-1 Flashcards

Vocabulary and grammar concepts from Lessons 26, 27, 28, and 29 including potential forms, habitual actions, and transitive/intransitive verbs.

⾒る (miru)

To check /take a look (G2)

探す (sagasu)

To look for /search (G1)

遅れる (okureru)

To be late (for appointment) (G2)

やる (yaru)

To do (conversational) (G1)

間に合う (maniau)

To be in time (for appointment) (G1)

ごみ (gomi)

Garbage/ rubbish/dust

直接 (chokusetsu)

Directly

平⽇ (heijitsu)

Weekday

場所 (basho)

Place

連絡する (renraku-suru)

To contact /get in touch with (G3)

拾う (hirou)

To pick up (G1)

気分がいい (kibun ga ii)

Feel well

気分が悪い (kibun ga warui)

Feel sick

社⻑ (shachou)

President /CEO

部⻑ (buchou)

Department manager /general manager

課⻑ (kachou)

Section manager team leader

故障する (koshou-suru)

Break down (G3)

⾵邪をひく (kaze o hiku)

To catch a cold (G1)

伝える (tsutaeru)

To convey /pass message (G2)

〜んですか (n desu ka)

Grammar structure used to guess a reason or cause from what is seen or heard and confirm it; not used for completely unknown facts.

どうしたんですか (dou shitan desu ka)

What's the matter? / What has happened?

〜んですが (n desu ga)

Used to introduce a topic, often followed by a request or invitation, indicating hesitation or reservation.

〜ていただけませんか (te itadakemasen ka)

A request expression politer than 〜てください, meaning "Would you please do me the favor of…?"

〜たらいいですか (tara ii desu ka)

Used when asking the listener for advice or instruction about what to do.

⾒える (mieru)

Can be seen; indicates something naturally comes into sight (G2)

聞く (kikoeru)

Can be heard; indicates sound reaches the ears naturally (G2)

飼う (kau)

To keep (a pet) /to raise (an animal) (G1)

⾛る (hashiru)

To run / to drive (along a road) (G1)

道具 (dougu)

Tool/ equipment

はっきり (hakkiri)

Clearly

しか (shika)

Only… but nothing more; attached to nouns and number words and always used with negative predicates.

Potential Verb (G1)

Conjugated by changing the final sound from the $i$-column to the $e$-column plus ます (e.g., nomimasu to nomemasu).

Potential Verb (G2)

Conjugated by adding られます to the verb stem (e.g., tabemasu to taberaremasu).

できます (dekiru)

The potential verb for します; also means to come into being, come up, or be completed.

選ぶ (erabu)

To choose (G1)

売れる (ureru)

Be sold / sell (G2)

通う (kayou)

To commute / Go to and from (G1)

まじめ (majime)

Serious

熱⼼ (nesshin)

Earnest

噛む (kamu)

To chew / to bite (G1)

⼈気 (ninki)

Popularity

形 (katachi)

Shape / form

味 (aji)

Taste

給料 (kyuuryou)

Salary

〜ながら (nagara)

Connects two verbs to say two actions are performed at the same time, emphasizing the second verb.

〜ています (habitual)

Verb form used to express an action that is regularly performed as a habit.

〜し、〜し (shi, shi)

Grammar pattern used to join sentences describing merits, demerits, or multiple reasons.

開ける (akeru) vs 開く (aku)

Transitive: open something (G2) / Intransitive: something opens (G1)

消す (kesu) vs 消える (kieru)

Transitive: turn something off (G1) / Intransitive: something goes off/disappears (G2)

⽌める (tomeru) vs ⽌まる (tomaru)

Transitive: stop something (G2) / Intransitive: something stops (G1)

破る (yaburu) vs 破れる (yabureru)

Transitive: tear/rip something (G1) / Intransitive: something tears/rips (G2)

間違える (machigaeru)

To make a mistake (G2)

落とす (otosu)

To drop / lose (G1)

拭く (fuku)

To wipe (G1)

Intransitive Verb ています (te imasu)

Refers to the current state resulting from a past change (e.g., the window is open/broken).

〜てしまいました (te shimaimashita)

Conveys that an action was finished completely, or expresses the speaker's regret, embarrassment, or disappointment.