Elements of Art and Design

Art

• a highly diverse range of human activities

  engaged in creating visual, auditory, or performed

  artifacts— artworks—that express the author’s

  imaginative or technical skill and are intended to

  be appreciated for their beauty or emotional

  power

art criticism

• responding to, interpreting meaning, and making critical judgments about specific works of art

line

• A line connects two points

• Defines the boundaries between planes

• Defines shapes

• Directs the viewer’s eye

Contour Line

• defines the edge or profile of an object, but is not necessarily the complete outline of a shape

• can suggest a volume in space by providing clues about the changing character of a surface

Implied Line

• Line that can be implied by a series of marks

• An illusion that gives the impression of line where there is no continuous mark

Directional Line

• Artists can use line to direct a viewer’s attention to a particular part of a work

• Line can communicate direction and movement

• focus our attention

shape

• a two-dimensional area the boundaries of which are defined

  by lines or suggested by changes in color or value

• organic and geometric

form

• 3-d

  • height,width, and depth

• mass and volume

• geometric and organic

texture

• there are both implied and actual

value

• lightness and darkness

• artist’s use of it can produce a sense of solidity and influence mood

• Artists use dark and light ones as tools for creating depth

Hatching/Cross-Hatching

• Hatching consists of a series of lines, close to and parallel to each other

• Cross-hatching is a variant of hatching in which the lines overlap

• Used to express value and create a greater sense of form and depth

space

• Size, overlapping, and position

• Alternating value and texture

• Changing brightness and color

• Atmospheric and Linear Perspective

color

• Primary colors: red, yellow, blue (cannot be created by mixing any other two colors)

• Secondary colors: orange, green, violet (mixing two primaries)

• Tertiary colors: e.g. red-violet (mixing a primary and secondary)

Color Schemes

• Complementary

  • These colors can be found on opposite sides of a color wheel

  • When mixed, produce gray (or black)

  • When painted side by side, they intensify one another

  • Their wavelengths are very different; creates the illusion of vibrating edge

• Analogous colors

  • Includes colors that are beside each other on the color wheel

• Monochromatic colors

  • derived from a single base hue and extended using its shades, tones and tints

Tint

• a color lighter in value than its purest state

• Color with added white

shade

• a color darker in value

• color added with black