Lecture Notes on MHC Proteins and T Lymphocytes

These flashcards cover key concepts related to MHC proteins, antigen presentation, and the functions of different types of T lymphocytes.

Class II MHC Proteins

Proteins found in cell membranes of B lymphocytes and phagocytes that present foreign antigens.

Antigen-presenting cells (APC)

Cells that present antigens on their surface via MHC proteins; includes B lymphocytes and phagocytes.

Lysosomal Action

Process through which phagocytic APCs produce antigenic fragments by engulfing extracellular pathogens.

Class I MHC Proteins

Proteins found in membranes of all nucleated body cells that pick up small peptides and display them on the cell surface.

Abnormal Peptides

Peptides derived from infected or abnormal cells that activate T cells to destroy the cell.

CD Markers

Cluster of differentiation markers on T cell membranes that recognize MHC proteins.

Cytotoxic T Cells (TC)

T lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immune responses, attacking abnormal body cells.

Helper T Cells (TH)

T lymphocytes that activate B cells and stimulate cell division of other T cells.

Regulatory T Cells

T lymphocytes that control or moderate the immune response of T and B lymphocytes.

Cell-mediated Immunity

Activation of cytotoxic T cells against abnormal cells through binding to Class/MHC-antigen complexes.