E

What was a key outcome of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 regarding voting rights?

It prohibited unequal voter registration requirements.

What did the Fifteenth Amendment (1870) accomplish?

It granted African American men the right to vote, prohibiting voting restrictions based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

What is the definition of 'franchise'?

The right to vote.

What was the impact of the Grandfather Clause?

It disenfranchised Black voters by allowing only those whose grandfathers had voted before 1867 to vote.

What was the purpose of the Literacy Test in the context of voting?

It was imposed to suppress Black and poor white voters, especially in the South.

What did the Nineteenth Amendment (1920) grant?

It granted women the right to vote.

What is a Poll Tax?

A fee required to vote, used to disenfranchise poor and Black voters until banned by the Twenty-fourth Amendment.

What does 'preclearance' refer to in voting rights?

It's a provision requiring certain states to get federal approval before changing voting laws, which was struck down in Shelby County v. Holder (2013).

What change did the Seventeenth Amendment (1913) introduce?

It allowed for the direct election of U.S. senators by voters instead of state legislatures.

What does 'suffrage' mean?

The right to vote.

What did the Twenty-fourth Amendment (1964) accomplish?

It banned poll taxes in federal elections.

What significant change did the Twenty-sixth Amendment (1971) bring about?

It lowered the voting age to 18, allowing more young people to participate in elections.

What was the effect of the Twenty-third Amendment (1961)?

It granted Washington, D.C. residents the right to vote in presidential elections.

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 achieve?

It banned literacy tests and placed federal oversight on states with low voter turnout.

What was the White Primary?

A discriminatory practice where only white voters could participate in party primaries, effectively barring Black voters.

Who does the term 'electorate' refer to?

The body of eligible voters in a country.

What does Party Identification influence?

It influences a voter's voting behavior.

What characterizes the Party-Line Voting Model?

A voter consistently supports candidates from the same political party in all elections.

In prospective voting, how do voters make their decisions?

Based on how they believe a candidate will perform in the future.

What is the focus of the Rational-Choice Voting Model?

Voters decision making based on which candidate best aligns with their personal interests or values.

What do voters consider in the Retrospective Voting Model?

The past performance of a candidate or political party.