Abnormal Psych Exam 2 Study

What are the main moods involved in mood disorders?

Mania and Depression

If left untreated, how long might depressive episodes last (diagnosed or undiagnosed MDD)?

Six to nine months

(True or False) Normal depression is expected to occur when we go through painful life events, lasting up to several weeks.

True

What is depression recurrence?

A new episode of depression

What disorder is characterized by feeling overwhelmed after giving birth, with symptoms of sadness, irritability, and crying?

Postpartum depression

What are the components of Beck’s negative cognitive triad?

Negative views of self, world, and future

What is the primary difference between Bipolar 1 and Bipolar 2 disorder?

Bipolar 1 involves full manic episodes, while Bipolar 2 involves hypomanic episodes combined with depressive episodes.

Which form of treatment aims to teach the patient how to notice and challenge dysfunctional beliefs and negative automatic thoughts?

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

What is the National Suicide Prevention Hotline number?

988

What proportion of teenagers and young adults report engaging in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI)?

Approximately 15-20%

What is a cause of somatic symptom disorder?

Psychological factors such as stress or trauma, leading to physical symptoms without a medical explanation.

If an individual experiences physical symptoms that cause significant psychological distress, with thoughts disproportionate to the seriousness of their symptoms, what might they be diagnosed with?

Somatic symptom disorder

Are people with conversion disorder intentionally faking their symptoms?

No, the symptoms are associated with psychological conflict.

What is the difference between factitious disorder and malingering?

Factitious disorder involves intentional production of symptoms for psychological reasons, while malingering involves faking symptoms for external incentives.

How are somatic symptom disorders and dissociative disorders similar?

Both involve psychological distress manifesting as physical symptoms or altered consciousness.

If someone feels detached from their own body and mental processes, lacking initiative and self-control, which disorder might they be diagnosed with?

Depersonalization/Derealization disorder

If someone experienced trauma early in life and now has several alters that serve to protect them, which disorder would they be diagnosed with?

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Why is Dissociative Identity Disorder no longer referred to as 'Multiple Personality Disorder'?

The term inaccurately suggests the existence of distinct, separate personalities.

Why do some people develop Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)?

Trauma.

What is a prominent treatment for Somatic Symptom & Dissociative Disorders?

Hypnosis.

What are common features of personality disorders?

Enduring patterns of behavior and inner experiences that deviate from cultural expectations.

Which trait is characterized by being adventurous and willing to try or learn something new?

Openness.

Which trait is characterized by being loyal, trusting, and empathetic?

Agreeableness.

Which disorder is characterized by being distrusting, blaming, neurotic, and holding grudges?

Paranoid personality disorder.

Why are people with personality disorders often difficult to treat?

They often do not believe they need to change.

Which disorder is characterized by deceitful, aggressive, antisocial behavior?

Antisocial personality disorder.

Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by being dramatic, emotional, and erratic?

Cluster B.

Which disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of entitlement and being low in agreeableness?

Narcissistic personality disorder.

What is the difference between antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy?

ASPD focuses more on criminality; psychopathy includes emotional deficits and impulsivity.

Which disorder is characterized by extreme social inhibition?

Avoidant personality disorder.

Regarding genetic factors of alcohol use disorder, what is agreed upon by experts?

Genetic predisposition plays a significant role, with heritability estimates ranging from 40% to 60%.

What will Antabuse do for a recovering alcoholic?

It makes the patient sick if they consume alcohol.

Which type of treatment option teaches the client about alcohol and life skills?

Skills training procedure.

(True or False) Empirical research indicates that Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a highly effective treatment option.

False.

What does the dopamine theory of addiction suggest?

Addiction is a result of a dysregulation in the brain’s pleasure pathway.

Which drug is a treatment option for heroin addiction that satisfies cravings without causing major psychological impairment?

Methadone.

Which stimulant might cause rapid speech and is also used to treat narcolepsy?

Amphetamines.

What are some possible effects of nicotine?

Cancer, cardiovascular disease, and heart disease.

(True or False) Hallucinogens create sensory images.

False.

Which type of treatment for cocaine addiction offers rewards for meeting treatment targets?

Contingency Management.