Organ Systems

integumentary system

forms the external body coverings and protects deeper tissues from injury; houses cutaneous receptors, sweat glands, and oil glands; synthesizes vitamin D

integumentary system organs

hair, skin, and nails

skeletal system

protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement

bones store

minerals

blood cells are formed within

bones

skeletal system organs

bones and joints

muscular system

allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expressions; produces heat; maintains posture

muscular system organs

skeletal muscles

endocrine system

contains glands that secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells

endocrine system organs

thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal gland, pancreas, ovary, testis, pineal gland, and pituitary gland

nervous system

fast-acting control system of the body; responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands

nervous system organs

brain, nerves, and spinal cord

cardiovascular system

blood vessels transport blood, which carries CO2, oxygen, nutrients, and wastes, and the heart pumps the blood

cardiovascular system organs

heart and blood vessels

lymphatic system/immunity

picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood; disposes of debris in the lymphatic system; houses white blood cells; involved in immunity and the immune response mounts the attack on foreign substances within the body

lymphatic system organs

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thoracic duct, thymus, and red bone marrow

respiratory system

keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes CO2

respiratory system organs

lungs, bronchus, trachea, larynx, pharynx, and nasal cavity

digestive system

breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells and indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces

digestive system organs

oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus, and liver

urinary system

eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body; regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood

urinary system organs

kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra

male reproductive system

overall function is the production of offspring; testes produce sperm and make sex hormones; male ducts and glands aid in the delivery of sperm to the female reproductive tract

male reproductive system organs

prostate, ductus deferens, penis, scrotum, and testis

female reproductive system

primary function is the production of offspring; ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones; mammary glands of female breasts produce milk to nourish the newborn; remaining female structures serve as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus

female reproductive system organs

mammary glands, ovary, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina