Health Promotion, Disease, Prevention, & Cultural Competence

Exam 2

Health

a state of being complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not just away from being sick

Healthy People 2030

identifies the public health priorities to help other people, organizations, and communities across the U.S. to improve overall health of everyone.

Applying Healthy People 2030

Identifying needs and priority populations

Set your own targets

Find inspiration and practical tools

Monitor national progress - use our data as a benchmark

Health Promotion (promoter)

the behavior of a person who is motivated by a personal desire to increase well-being and health potential

Health Protection

behavior motivated by a desire to avoid or detect disease or to maintain functioning within the constraints of an illness or disability

Morbidity

how frequent the disease happens

Mortality

number of deaths from the disease

Wellness

an active state of being healthy; living a lifestyle that promotes good physical, mental, and emotional health

Illness

response of person to a disease. Can be rapid and short (acute). It can be cause permanent change (chronic)

Disease

medical term referring to a pathologic changes in the structure or function of the body or the mind

Illnesses Behaviors

how people cope with the altered functioning caused by the disease

Stages if Ilnesses behaviors

Stage 1 - Experiencing symptoms

Stage 2 - Assuming the sick role

Stage 3 - Assuming the dependent role

Stage 4 - Achieving recovery and rehabilitation

Primary level of illnesses prevention

promoting health and preventing the development of disease processes or injury

Secondary level of illness prevention

Screening for early detection of disease with prompts diagnosis and treatment

Tertiary level of illness prevention

Reducing the disability and helping rehabilitate patients to a maximum level of functioning

Self Concept

self esteem and body image

Risk factor for illness or injury (modifiable vs non-modifiable)

Age

Genetic factors

physiologic factors

health habits

lifestyle

environments

Culture

a shared systems of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations that provides social structure for daily living

Cultural Influences on Health and Illness

Culturally Competent Care

Physiological variations

Reactions to pain

mental health

biological sex roles

language and communication

orientation to space and time

food and nutrition

family support

socioeconomic factors

Physiologic variations

racial and ethnic groups may be more prone to a certain diseases or conditions

Reactions to pain

many of the expressions and behaviors exhibited by the people are culturally prescribed

Natural illness (beliefs)

cold air, impurities in air/water/food

Unnatural illness (beliefs)

punishment for failing to follow God’s rules

Folk/traditional healers

Practitioners who use traditional methods and cultural practices to heal, often based on local beliefs and practices, and may include herbal medicine, spiritual healing, and community rituals.

Allopathic healthcare providers

Medical professionals who use scientific knowledge and clinical methods to diagnose and treat diseases.

Health Equity

the attainment of the highest level of health for everybody

Cultural diversity

Coexistence of different ethnic, biological sex, racial and socioeconomic groups within one social unit

Cultural respect

enables nurses to deliver care that is respectful and responsive to health beliefs, practices, and linguistic needs of diverse patients