ela iv modern lit test 1

Who said "England and America are two countries separated by a common language" ?

George Bernard Shaw

What is the dynamic between events & human response?

Artists feel compelled to create in order to respond to the world

What is modern history based on?

The change from the set ways of the Victorian/Edwardian era

What did the change of the Victorian/Edwardian era create?

Inventions; as life became easier with time-saving devices, people had more time for thinking & questioning

What is Virginia Woolf's quote about life in the early 1900s?

"In the early 1900s, everything shifted. Those who occupied a secondary position began to speak up."

What was the most pivotal event of the 20th century?

World War I

What was Yeats' response to the chaos and terror of WWI?

He called the war "blood-dimmed tides"

Who called WWI the "Great War and Petty Peace" ?

H.G Wells

When was the WWI armistice signed?

November 11, 1918

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

1919

What did Foch say about the armistice/treaty?

"This is not a peace. This is an armistice for twenty years."

What did Ezra Pound say in response to the impact of WWI on art?

"Make it new"

What are the 4 characteristics of modern literature?

Experimental

Presents human experience in fragments

Uses techniques of realism and naturalism

Uses psychological insights

What is realism?

Details of everyday life

What is naturalism?

Examines the social & economic problems of the working class

Who were the psychological realists and what were their areas of psychology?

Freud - subconscious/sexual motivation

Jung - race memories/collective subconscious

William James - stream of consciousness

How does the stream of consciousness work?

The human mind does not work in chronological order.

It jumps from the present-past-future, reality is not linear

What is the main takeaway from "Poetry" by Marianne Moore?

All good pieces of literature should give you a reaction

What involuntary reactions in "Poetry" describe "the genuine" ?

"Hands that grasp, eyes that can dilate, hair that can rise"

What does the line "imaginary gardens with real toads in them" suggest about what poetry should be?

An escape from reality that has elements of reality in it

Where/when was Wilfred Owen born?

1893 / Oswestry, England / middle class family

When/why did Owen join the military?

1915, influenced by patriotic duty

What was PTSD formerly called?

"Shell Shock"

Who did Owen meet in a hospital in 1917 and how did this person influence Owen's writing?

Siegfried Sassoon / encouraged Owen to write about war experiences

What was significant about Owen's anti-war poetry?

It challenged the romantic, heroic view of warfare by describing war as critical and realistic

When did Owen die?

In 1918, one week before the armistice

What does "dulce et decorum est pro patria mori" translate to?

"Sweet and proper it is to die for one's fatherland"

Why is the line "dulce et decorum est pro patria mori" referred to as "the old lie" ?

It was the lie told to encourage young people to enter the war

What literary device was used in "The Next War" ?

Personification

What is the main takeaway from "The Next War" ?

if we establish peace, we fight death. One way, we will not war against each other but against death itself

What is T.S. Eliot's full name?

Thomas Sterns Eliot

How long was T.S. Eliot alive?

1885-1965

Where was T.S. Eliot born?

St. Louis, "genteel" family with wealth and education

Why is T.S. Eliot considered both and American and British poet?

He left America for Britain in 1911 and was so influential that both countries claim him as their own

Who helped T.S. Eliot get published?

Ezra Pound

What is the name of T.S. Eliot's masterpiece and what is it about?

"The Wasteland" / presents a bleak outlook on the modern age

What are the two allusions at the start of "The Hollow Men" ?

"Mista Kurtz-he dead" - The Heart of Darkness

"A penny for the Old Guy" - Guy Faukes

What is the significance of the allusions at the start of "The Hollow Men" ?

They allude to the descent into savagery and failure

What does it mean to be "hollow" and "stuffed" at the same time?

Humanity is stuffed with the wrong things (money, greed, etc.) but are still hollow because we are not truly happy

What is the main takeaway from "The Hollow Men" ?

Humanity does not follow through on their plans, so we will eventually fail everything and fizzle out.

What does Eliot believe will end humanity?

Our apathy