Midterm review

What bacteria causes Lumpy Jaw?

Actinomyces bovis

What is the primary route of infection for Actinomyces bovis?

Abrasions or trauma to oral mucosa

What are the clinical signs of Lumpy Jaw?

Lump or mass near jaw, draining tract with pus, hard mass, honeycomb swelling of bone on post-mortem.

What is the treatment for Lumpy Jaw?

Broad spectrum antibiotics such as Oxytetracycline, Sodium Iodide, cull if caught early, can lance and drain abscess.

What composes pus?

Neutrophils, fluid, cellular debris, sulfur-like granules.

What bacteria is associated with food poisoning in humans?

Bacillus cereus.

What are the symptoms of anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis?

Sudden death, bloody discharge, convulsions, respiratory distress.

What are the three forms of anthrax infection?

Ingestion, inhalation, wound infection.

Which species are most susceptible to anthrax?

Cattle, sheep and goats are most susceptible; horses and humans are moderately susceptible.

What is a common diagnostic method for anthrax?

Send samples to lab, stain with malachite green.

What post-mortem signs indicate anthrax?

Lack of rigor mortis, thick blood from body orifices, rapid tissue decomposition, splenomegaly.

Is anthrax zoonotic?

Yes.

What may be found in a silage pit that is dangerous?

Listeria monocytogenes.

What are the symptoms of Listeria infection in sheep?

Encephalitis, abortion, septicemia.

What are the symptoms of circling disease associated with Listeria?

Circling symptoms.

What diagnostic methods are used for Listeria?

Sample CSF in live animals, urine, feces, milk, and post-mortem samples from liver, kidney, spleen and CNS.

What is the treatment for Listeria infection?

High doses of penicillin, supportive therapy.

Where is Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae found?

In tonsils and manure slurry.

What are the three forms of disease caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

Acute septicemia, chronic form, diamond skin disease.

What are the clinical signs of Acute Septicemia in pigs?

Sudden death, high fever before death, pregnant sows may abort.

What is Diamond Skin Disease?

Diamond-shaped purple or dark red plaques, raised and firm to the touch, lesions are diagnostic for erysipelas.

What is the treatment for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection?

Penicillin, culled chronic cases.

What is the causative agent of Caseous Lymphadenitis?

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.

What are the symptoms of Caseous Lymphadenitis?

Thick green pus, lymph node distension, lumps or abscesses.

What disease is caused by Nocardia asteroides?

Nocardiosis.

What are the clinical signs of Nocardia infection in dogs?

Abscess with red purulent discharge that doesn’t respond to antibiotics.

What does a Nocardia infection smell like?

Wet dirt.

How is Nocardia infection treated?

Surgical excision/debridement and long-term antibiotics such as Sulpha (TMS).

What bacteria causes Black Leg?

Clostridium chauvoei.

What are the symptoms of Black Leg in cows?

Lameness, depression, crepitant swelling in hip, chest, back, or neck.

What is Big Head disease caused by?

Clostridium novyi (type A).

What are the symptoms of Big Head disease?

Circling, enlarged soft kidney, excess body fluids, edema in brain.

What disease is caused by Clostridium hemolyticum?

Red Water Disease, also known as Bacillary hemoglobinemia.

What are the clinical signs of Red Water Disease?

Abdominal pain, port wine colored urine, pale mucous membranes.