Unit 1: Introduction to Biology

Does Kilo convert to a larger or smaller unit?

Larger

Does Hecto convert to a larger or smaller unit?

Larger

Does Deka convert to a larger or smaller unit?

Larger

How much bigger/smaller does Kilo make an original unit?

1000x bigger

What is the abbreviation for Kilo?

K

What’s the abbreviation for Hecto?

h

What’s the abbreviation for Deka?

D or da

How much bigger/smaller does Hecto make the original number?

100x bigger

How much bigger/smaller does Deka make a number?

10x bigger

Does Deci make a unit bigger or smaller?

Smaller

What’s the abbreviation for Deci?

d

How much bigger/smaller does Deci make a number?

10x smaller

Does Centi make a number bigger or smaller?

Smaller

What’s the abbreviation for Centi?

c

How much bigger/smaller does Centi make a number?

100x smaller

Does Milli make a number bigger or smaller?

Smaller

What’s the abbreviation for Milli?

m

How much bigger/smaller does Milli make a number?

1000x smaller

What’s the basic unit for mass?

Grams (g)

What’s the basic unit for length?

Meters (m)

What’s the basic unit for volume?

Liters (L)

What does “King” represent in “KHDDCM”?

Kilo

What does “Henry” represent in “KHDDCM”?

Hecto

What does “Died” represent in “KHDDCM”?

Deka

What does “Drinking” represent in “KHDDCM”?

Deci

What does “Chocolate” represent in “KHDDCM”?

Centi

What does “Milk” represent in “KHDDCM”?

Milli

What’s the Metric System?

A system that’s based on multiples of 10, the base unit is used based on what’s being measured (length, mass, and volume), and the prefixes are used to give a value

What’s Celsius meant to measure?

Temperature

What’s the freezing point of water in Celsius?

0° Celsius

What’s the freezing point of water in Fahrenheit?

32° Fahrenheit

What’s the boiling point of water in Celsius?

100° Celsius

What’s the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit?

212° Fahrenheit

What’s room temperature in Celsius?

20-22° Celsius

What’s room temperature in Fahrenheit?

68-72° Fahrenheit

What’s the human body temperature in Celsius?

37° Celsius

What’s the human body temperature in Fahrenheit?

98° Fahrenheit

What’s a hypothesis?

A “If…then…” possible explanation for an observation that must be testable and it includes the independent and dependent variables.

What’s the experimental design?

A process that tests one variable at a time including the independent variable, dependent variable, controlled variable, experimental group, and the control group to test a hypothesis.

How many variables should experiments test at a time?

One variable

What’s the independent variable?

What’s being tested

What’s another name for the independent variable?

Manipulated

What’s the dependent variable?

What’s being observed/measured for an effect

What’s another name for the dependent variable?

Responding

What are the controlled variables?

All the aspects of the experiment that aren’t being tested and the variables that are kept the same

What’s another name for the controlled variables?

Constants

What’s the experimental group?

The group being tested and it’s unsure of the outcome

What’s the control group?

The group used to compare to the experimental group and it’s the group with the “Normal” conditions

What’s a bar graph used for?

Used to compare values across different categories

What’s a line graph used for?

Used to show trends and changes over time

On a line graph, where is the independent (manipulated) variable

On the X-axis

What does MIX DRY stand for?

Manipulated, Independent, X-axis, Dependent, Responding, Y-axis

What part does the independent variable belong to in MIX DRY

MIX

What part does the dependent variable belong to in MIX DRY

DRY

What does M stand for in MIX DRY

Manipulated

What does I stand for in MIX DRY

Independent

What does X stand for in MIX DRY

X-axis

What does D stand for in MIX DRY

Dependent

What does R stand for in MIX DRY

Responding

What does Y stand for in MIX DRY

Y-axis

What are pie charts used for?

Used to show the relationship of parts of the whole

What are all the characteristics of life?

-made of cells

-reproduce

-universal genetic code

-growth & development

-obtain energy

-maintain a stable internal environment

-evolve

-respond to stimuli

What’s included in the universal genetic code?

DNA

When does growth and development occur?

Within a life span

Eating food and getting sunlight are examples of which characteristic of life?

Obtaining energy

Which process is part of maintaining a stable internal environment?

Homeostasis

What is Homeostasis?

A process that keeps your body in balance.

When does evolving occur?

Across many generations

What’s an example of Stimuli?

Drinking water when sweating, leaving school after bell rings, etc.

What are examples of internal Stimuli?

Hunger, thirst, blood pressure changes, etc.

What are examples of external stimuli?

Light, sound, temperature changes, threats, etc.

What kind of organisms have one cell?

Unicellular

What kind of organisms have more than one cell?

Multicellular

What are examples of Homeostasis?

-Thermoregulation

-Blood pH

-Blood Sugar

-Hydration

-Oxygen

What is Thermoregulation?

Maintaining body temperature

What are examples of Thermoregulation?

Shivering, sweating, etc.

What is Blood pH?

-increases or decreases the rate of exhaling CO2

-use of buffers in blood - carbonic acid and bicarbonate

What does blood sugar do?

Increases or decreases insulin production

What organ does hydration help with?

Kidneys

What does oxygen do?

Increases or decreases the rate of inhalation

What’s the purpose of Feedback Loops?

It’s used to maintain homeostasis

What are the two different types of feedback loops?

Positive and Negative feedback loops

What does the negative feedback loop do?

It changes and returns the body back to its normal condition

What are examples of the negative feedback loop returning the body to its normal condition?

Sweating/shivering (Thermoregulation) and Blood Sugar (Insulin production)

What is the purpose of the Positive Feedback Loop?

It increases a change moving away from normal condition.

What are some examples of positive feedback loops amplifying from the normal conditions?

Childbirth (Oxytocin production), Blood Clotting (Platelets release chemicals that attract more platelets to the injury), and Fruit Ripening (Ethylene gas causes nearby fruit ripen)