gitelman syndrome

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75

Which nephron segment is affected in Gitelman syndrome?

DCT.

76

Which transporter is defective in Gitelman syndrome?

Na⁺-Cl⁻ cotransporter (NCC).

77

What is the inheritance pattern of Gitelman syndrome?

Autosomal recessive.

78

Typical age of presentation of Gitelman syndrome?

Adolescence/adulthood.

79

What is the characteristic acid-base/electrolyte pattern?

Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis + hypomagnesemia.

80

What happens to urinary calcium in Gitelman syndrome?

Hypocalciuria.

81

Why does Gitelman syndrome cause hypomagnesemia?

DCT dysfunction → impaired Mg²⁺ reabsorption.

82

Which is more likely to cause tetany: Bartter or Gitelman?

Gitelman, due to hypomagnesemia.

83

Bartter vs Gitelman: urinary calcium?

Bartter ↑; Gitelman ↓.

84

Bartter vs Gitelman: nephrocalcinosis?

Bartter → more likely; Gitelman → less likely.

85

Bartter vs Gitelman: polyuria/dehydration?

Bartter → more; Gitelman → less.

86

Bartter vs Gitelman: hypomagnesemia?

Gitelman → low Mg²⁺; Bartter → usually less prominent, except some types.