Marine Engineering and Vessel Operations Flashcards

Flashcards covering materials science, safety equipment, pollution prevention, auxiliary machinery, and watchkeeping procedures based on the lecture notes.

Steel

An alloy consisting mostly of iron with a carbon content between $0.2\%$ and $2.1\%$ by weight depending on the grade.

Cast Iron

An iron alloy with a carbon content above $2.1\%$, possessing a lower melting point and good castability.

Stainless Steel

A steel alloy containing $11\%$ chromium which forms a hard surface resistant to oxidation and corrosion.

Corrosion

The gradual destruction or wearing away of material, usually metal, by chemical reaction with its environment.

Galvanic Corrosion

Corrosion that occurs when two different metals electrically contact each other while immersed in an electrolyte.

Cathodic Protection (CP)

A technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making that surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell.

Non-Ferrous Metals

Nonmagnetic metals that do not contain any iron, such as aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, and tin.

Brass

An alloy composed of $70\%$ copper and $30\%$ zinc.

Bronze

An alloy composed of $70\%$ to $90\%$ copper and $10\%$ to $20\%$ tin.

Fire Doors

Doors fitted onboard a vessel to retard and prevent the spread of fire and stop air flow.

Watertight Doors

Heavy structural doors designed to contain flooding within ship compartments and prevent sinking.

Fire Dampers

Ventilation closures fitted between decks or bulkheads that automatically close when a thermal element melts, preventing fire from spreading through ducts.

WHMIS

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System; a safety system designed to provide workers with information to safely handle hazardous chemicals.

Confined Space

An enclosed compartment that must not be entered without permission from the Master or a responsible officer, and requires pre-entry testing and ventilation.

Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP)

A mandatory operational plan for tankers over $150\text{ tons}$ and other vessels over $400\text{ tons}$ detailing action plans, duties, and contacts for oil spill emergencies.

Oily-Water Separator

A system using centrifugal force to separate water from oil, ensuring discharged water contains less than $15\text{ ppm}$ of oil.

Priming

The process of adding liquid to a pump and its inlet piping to purge air and establish fluid flow.

Positive Displacement Pump

A pump that moves fluid by trapping a fixed volume of liquid and forcing that displaced volume into the discharge pipe.

Centrifugal Pump

A pump that uses a rotating impeller to accelerate fluid radially outward into a volute chamber to generate flow.

Water Hammer

A high-pressure surge or shock wave created when a fluid in motion within a pipeline is forced to stop or change direction suddenly.

Propeller Pitch

The theoretical linear distance a propeller moves forward in one complete revolution through a soft solid.

Thrust Block

A propulsion component designed to transmit mechanical thrust from the propeller shaft to the vessel's hull.

Kort Nozzle

A propulsion arrangement consisting of a ducted propeller surrounded by a non-rotating nozzle.

Keel

The primary structural backbone running along the bottom centerline of a vessel.

Bow-Thruster

A transversal propulsion device installed at the bow or stern of a ship to improve maneuverability.

Sea Chest

An intake box built into the hull plating to allow seawater into vessel piping systems for cooling and other operational needs.

Stern Tube

A heavy cast iron housing through which the main propeller shaft passes as it exits the vessel hull.

Capstan

A vertical-axled rotating machine used on ship decks to exert force on heavy ropes, cables, and hawsers.

Day Tank

A fuel tank located within the engine compartment that holds a single day's supply of fuel for running machinery.

Specific Gravity

The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of fresh water at $4^\circ\text{C}$ ($39^\circ\text{F}$).

Engine Room Log Book

An official document used for daily recording of machinery parameters, maintenance tasks, fuel consumption, and operational remarks.