MIC 230- Unit 4- list of bacteria and viruses

Streptococcus pyogenes

strep throat, wound infections

can cause necrotizing fasciitis(flesh eating bacteria)

Staphylococcus aureus

staph infections, wound infections, pneumoniae

antibiotic resistance is a problem (methicillin-resistant S. aureus- MRSA)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

wound infections, burn infections, lung disease

especially problematic for individuals with cystic fibrosis

Neisseria meningitidis

meningitis (infection of the spine and brain)

vaccine (for some strains); dangerous for college-aged students

Haemophilus influenzae

sinus and ear infections, pneumoniae

common childhood infection; vaccine

Streptococcus pneumoniae

sinus and ear infections, pneumoniae

common childhood infection; vaccine

Bordetella pertussis

whooping cough (harsh lung disease for the young)

vaccine

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

lung disease=tuberculosis

ancient disease; worldwide problem; survives in humans for the lifetime of the human

Escherichia coli

intestinal infections; urinary tract infections

25-40% of women in US aged 20-40 years have had an UTI

Enterococcus faecalis

intestinal infections

antibiotic resistance is problem in hospitals

Salmonella enterica

intestinal infections= Salmonella

Vibrio cholerae

intestinal infections= cholera

global pandemic occur; causes massive loss of water due to diarrhea

Clostridium difficile

intestinal infections

huge problem in hospitals and nursing homes

Clostridium tetani

Tetanus (lock-jaw, spastic paralysis)

makes toxins that cause disease; vaccine

Clostridium botulinum

Botulism (flaccid paralysis)

makes toxins that cause disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

lyme disease

transmitted by ticks

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

disease of the reproductive tract= gonorrhea

sexually transmitted; often asymptomatic in females causing long term genital problems

Chlamydia trachomatis

disease of the reproductive tract= chlamydia

sexually transmitted; #1 STI, >1,000,000 infections annually in the USA

Treponema pallidum

disease of reproductive tract= syphilis

sexually transmitted; if untreated can cause neuronal issues

measles

flu symptoms; rash

low in USA because of MMR vaccine

mumps

large, swollen salivary glands

low in USA because of MMR vaccine

rubella

flu symptoms; rash

low in USA because of MMR vaccine

polio

paralysis

low in USA because of polio vaccine; almost globally eradicated because of vaccine

variola virus

smallpox- total body disease; rash

globally eradicated because of the widespread use of the vaccine

varicella-zoster virus

chickenpox- rash and other symptoms

now low in USA because of vaccine, used to be widespread child disease

Epstein-Barr virus

infectious mononucleosis (mono)

approx. 9-% of US population gets this virus by age 25; most cases are mild

rabies

Inflammation of the brain; aggressiveness

zoonotic infection (humans get it from animals)

influenza

flu

includes “Flu”, “Swine Flu”, “Bird Flu”; does NOT cause stomach aches (aka “stomach flu”)

coronavirus

common cold, COVID-19, SARS, MERS

rhinovirus

common cold

norovirus

intestinal disease

high transmission rate; causes diarrhea and vomiting; famous outbreaks on cruise ships

Herpesvirus (1 and 2)

cold sores and genital sores

sexually transmitted

HIV

AIDS (autoimmune deficiency syndrome)

sexually transmitted; kills immune cells (especially T cells); retrovirus

Hepatitis (B,C)

liver disease

potentially sexually transmitted; contact with infected blood (like through shared needles)

Hepatitis A

liver disease

fecal-oral