biochem; Protein structures and function

Structure;

a Protein function; Collagen and keratin are the 2 important structural proteins; formed to function for protection and support.

Catalysis; enzymes

Protein function; virtually all reactions in the body are __ by proteins called _

Movements; Myosin and actin

Protein function; protein called __ and — make up the muscles

Transport; Hemoglobin

Protein function; __ a protein in the blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to cells.

Regulation and control;

Protein function; many hormones are proteins, among them is insulin, erythropoietin, oxytocin and Human growth hormone.

Protection

protein function; this activates when protein from outside source blood or some foreign antigens enter the body.

Storage

casein in milk and ovalbumin in eggs store nutrients for newborn   mammals and birds; ferritin, a protein in the liver, stores iron.

Regulation

this function not only controls the expression of genes, but also dictate when such synthesis takes place.

9,000 different proteins

how many proteins are in a typical cell?

100,000 Diff. proteins

how many proteins are in an entire human body?

Amino acids

compound that contains both amino group(NH2) and a carboxyl group (COOH)

a-Amino acid

an amino acid in which the amino group is linked    to the carbon atom next to the          carboxyl group (-COOH).

commonly written in unionized form, they are more properly written in Zwitterion or internal salt form.

Side chain or R-group

the properties of the amino acids are due to the properties of __

Polarity

most important aspect of the R-group

Nonpolar, Polar but neutral (uncharged), basic, acidic

the 4 classification of amino acids

20 amino acids

how many amino acids are commonly found in proteins ; they are also called Alpha amino acids.

alanine

Ala

A

C3H7O2

Arganine

Arg

R

C6H14N4O2

Asparagine

Asn

N

C4H6N2O2

Aspartic acid

Asp

D

C4H7NO4

Cysteine

Cys

C

C3H7NO2S

Glutamic acid

Glu

E

C5H9NO4

Glutamine

Gln

Q

C5H10N2O2

Glycine

Gly

G

C2H5O2

Histidine

His

H

C6H9N3O2

Isoleucine

Ile

I

C6H13NO2

Leucine

Leu

L

C6H13NO2

Lysine

Lys

K

C6H14N2O2

Methionine

Met

M

C6H11NO2S

Phenylalanine

Phe

F

C9H11NO2

Proline

Pro

P

C5H8NO2

Serine

Ser

S

C3H7NO3

Threonine

Thr

T

C4H9NO3

Tryptophan

Trp

W

C11H1N2O2

Tyrosine

Tyr

Y

C9H11NO3

Valine

Val

V

C5H11NO2