Sociology of Families Exam #3 Study Guide

How do children impact the likelihood of divorce?

Children generally reduce the likelihood of divorce.

Researchers estimate the lifetime economic cost associated with IPV-related injuries, lost productivity, and other factors is at

$3.6 trillion

Globally, about_______ of all murders of women are committed by intimate partners.

38%

People who marry before age 20 are ________ to divorce within 10 years compared tot hose who marry after age 25.

Over twice likely

What is concerted cultivation?

A parenting style where parents actively enrich their children’s development by engaging them in various structured activities and fostering their talents.

In the U.S., nearly _______ women are murdered daily by intimate partners.

4

Divorce is more likely when couples:

Spend little time together, frequently disagree, and have heated arguments.

What contributed to the development of the Convention on the Rights of the child (CRC)?

Global rise in neoliberal policy.

When divorce becomes easier and cheaper, what happens to IPV rates?

IPV rates decrease because individuals can leave violent relationships.

When was marital rape made illegal in all 50 states?

1993

Research finds that parents from ______ backgrounds value education highly.

All Class and income

Elder abuse leads to ~ $_____ in losses each year in the U.S.

28.3 billion

School Choice:

Amplifies schooling inequalities by disproportionately benefitting educated, wealthy families.

______ the use of physical force intended to cause pain (but not injury) as a means of correcting behaviour.

Corporal Punishment

Corporal Punishment is associated with:

Worse Cognitive development

Why Was the U.S. neglected to ratify the CRC?

It may undermine parental authority

In 2024, the number of births ______ from 2023.

Increased 1%

Older newlyweds tend to be:

More emotionally mature, more financially stable, and better educated.

What is one reason people cite for not having children?

High maternal mortality rates.

About ____% of children ages 9-12 watch family vlogs regularly.

68

Which statement about children and divorce is true?

Children from high-conflict marriages have similar or worse outcomes than children from divorced families.

Rising Women’s employment is responsible for a large part of rising divorce rates.

False

Intimate partner violence (IPV) includes physical, emotional, sexual, and psychological abuse, but not coercive control.

False

Birth rates for women between the ages of 35 and 45 decreased last year.

False

Adult children are the most common perpetrators of elder abuse.

True

The birthrate in 2024 was the lowest in decades

False

The U.S. has not ratified the CRC, which outlines the rights of children and promotes the welfare and protection of children.

True

Child marriage remains legal in most U.S. states.

True

Many negative outcomes attributed to divorce are actually linked to factors that cause divorce.

True

Several U.S. states have restrictions on corporal punishment by parents/guardians.

False

Neuroimaging shows that children who have been spanked have experience effects that resemble those of children who have been overtly abused.

True

Cohabitating before marriage is correlated with higher divorce risk because these couples tend to take relationships less seriously.

False

About _____ of marriages begin with cohabitation.

70%

When women have economic independence, they are more able to leave unhappy marriages.

Independence Effect

The Baby Bonus

Would give cash to mothers after childbirth.

There were ____ births in 2024.

3.6 million

The CRC

A land mark treaty adopted by the United Nations in 1989 and is the most widely accepted human rights treaty in history.

The U.S. fertility rate was ______ in 2024.

1.6

Dual incomes can make marriage more financially stable and reduce stress, decreasing divorce risk.

Income Effect

____ of U.S. children experience parental separation of divorce before age 15

40