Exam Preparation - Unit 2: Animals

These flashcards cover important characteristics and concepts related to animal biology, specifically focusing on sponges and cnidarians as part of Unit 2: Animals.

Triploblasts exhibit four characteristics: __, __, __, and __.

Bilaterally symmetrical, Cephalization, have a coelom, have a central nervous system

Protostomes differ from deuterostomes in three ways: _____, ____, and ____.

Fate of blastopore (mouth vs anus), Cleavage – spiral vs radial, Cleavage – indeterminate vs determinate

Ecdysis is defined as __.

Skin or cuticle shedding

Convergent evolution refers to __.

Unrelated organisms evolving similar traits independently in response to similar challenges

The body wall of mature sponges consists of _______, _______.

2 layers of cells, separated by a gelatinous region. 

Some choanoflagelletes are _____, but both choanoflagelletes and sponges are _______ and _______.

colonial; sessile; feed with similar structures.

Cnidarians are characterized by being __, having __ tissue layers, and possessing a __ cavity.

Radially symmetric; 2; gastrovascular

A nematocyst is an organelle found within a specialized cell called a __.

Cnidocyte

Coral reefs are critical ecosystems because they contain __% of marine diversity and are valued at __ trillion dollars.

25; 9.9

__ is the process of external fertilization that occurs when corals synchronously release their eggs and sperm.

Coral reproduction

The fate of the blastopore in Cnidarians results in and no .

The mouth; anus

Phylum Porifera are ______, ______, ______, ______, and ______.

Multicellular with several types of cells, asymmetrical, loosely organized and lack tissues, 8,000 mostly marine species, and larvae free swim while adults are sessile.

In phylum porifera development, _______, ______, and ______. 

sponges do not produce gastrula, there are no germ layers, and they are parazoa because they do not have tissues. 

A sponge’s body is ____, __________, water flows through _______ and many have _____. 

Sac-like, perforated with pores, spongocoel (not a body cavity); osculum.