early civilizations in south asia (india)

what geographical feature was early indian civilization built around? why?

indus river, they were also protected by the himalayas on the west

When did indians stay in the indus river valley?

from 2500 BC to 2000 BC then again in 1500 BC to 1000 BC

monsoon?

season of heavy storms which leads to flooding, and the flooding leaves behind silt

Who governed anicet india?

indo-aryan tribes would join together to make settlements and were governed by a raja

Raja

each city had one, and they had a council of advisors

How were indus cities laid out?

with a gird system and high walls surrouding

How were indus cities advenaced?

they had a sewage system, and indoor plumbing as well as baths

What are two Indus cities?

Mohenjo-daro and Harappa

Who was at the top of the caste system?

priests at top and daits at the bottom

What was one of the main religions in Indus?

hinduism, which was polytheistic

Indus writing

hasn’t been fully translated, but we have been able to translate vedas

Chandragupta maurya

conquered much of the subcoinuted, and founded the first maurya empire

first maurya empire

321 BC to 185 BC, it was organized, built infrastructure, but had harsh laws, bureaucratic and secret police

Ashoka

came to power to in 268 BC, converted to buddhism, and practiced religious tolerance

Gupta

used military conquer new territory, brought the concept of 0 and the decimal system, and the golden age

Nirvana

enlightenment and moksha

reincarnation

people are reborn into another form, only top three castes can be reborn (in hinduism)

who do Hindus worship?

the have thousands of gods, but have three main gods

who are the three main gods in hinduism?

brahma the creator, vishnu the preserver, and shive the destroyer

Silk road

trade route that helped in the spread of culture

Cultural diffusion

spread of religion, ideas, and technology

How are people divided in the caste system?

based on their purity

What are the “classes” in the caste system?

Brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya, sudra, and untouchables

How does the caste system impact life?

you are born into it, determines your job, who you can marry, what you wear, and you are born into your caste

Siddhartha Guatama

creator of buddhism, originally hindu, abandoned noble life in search of enlightment

How does Siddhartha Guatama become budda

he gains enlightenment by meditating under a tree for 10 years, and then becomes known as budda

similarities in buddhism and hinduism

belief in moksha and reincarnation

differences in buddhism and hinduism

Buddhism rejects the caste system, and believes that anyone can reach nirvana

Four noble truths

life is suffering, the cause of all suffering is human desire, to end suffering you must end desire, and to get to nirvana you must follow the eightfold path

eightfold path

path/instructions to get to nirvana, mediate, respect life, do good in every way

How is buddhism spread

along the silk road by missionaries and merchants, and would become popular in china and japan